Why is manganese (Z = 25) more stable in `+2` state than `+3` oxidation state?

Explanation

To understand why manganese (Mn) is more stable in the +2 oxidation state than in the +3 oxidation state, we can analyze its electronic configuration and the stability associated with half-filled subshells.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Atomic Number and Electronic Configuration of Manganese:**
- Manganese has an atomic number (Z) of 25.
- Its electronic configuration is:
\[
...