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Explain the term (a) screening effect (b...

Explain the term (a) screening effect (b) penetration effect and ( c ) metallic character.

Text Solution

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Screening effect: This inner electrons between the valence electron and nuclus shield the valence electron from nucleus is called shielding effect.
Penetration effect: Due to shape of the orbital, s electron penetrates nearer to the nucleus than `p`, `d` or `f`-orbitals and is more tightly held.
Metallic character: Lowering the ionisation energy, more will be the tendency to lose electron, higher will be the metallic character.
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Knowledge Check

  • The screening effect of d -electron is

    A
    Equal to `p`-electron
    B
    Much more than `p`-electron
    C
    Same as `f`-electrons
    D
    Less than `p`-electrons

  • The screening effect of d-electrons is

    A
    Less than p - electrons but more than s and f - electrons
    B
    Less than p and s - electrones but more than f - electrons
    C
    Less than f - electrons but than s and p - electrons
    D
    Equal to s and p - electrons

  • Due to screening effect of electrons in an atom

    A
    `IE` decreases
    B
    `IE` increases
    C
    No change in `IE`
    D
    Attraction of nucleus on the valence electron increases

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