Assertion: The electron in the hydrogen atom passes from energy level `n = 4` to the `n = 1` level. The maximum and minimum number of photon that can be emitted are six and one respectively.
Reason: The photons are emitted when electron make a transtition from the higher energy state to the lower energy state.

Options

A. If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
C. If assertion is true but reason is false.
D. If assertion is false but reason is true.

Explanation

To solve the problem, we need to analyze the assertion and reason provided regarding the transitions of an electron in a hydrogen atom.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Energy Levels**:
- In a hydrogen atom, electrons occupy discrete energy levels denoted by quantum numbers \( n \). The energy levels are quantized, meaning that electrons can only exist in certain allowed states.

2. **Transition from \( n = 4 \) to \( n = 1 \)**:
- The assertion states that an electron transitions from energy level \( n = 4 \) to \( n = 1 \). This transition involves moving from a higher energy state to a lower energy state.

3. **Calculating Maximum Number of Photons**:
- When an electron transitions from \( n = 4 \) to \( n = 1 \), it can do so in multiple steps. The maximum number of photons emitted corresponds to the maximum number of transitions that can occur.
- The possible transitions from \( n = 4 \) to \( n = 1 \) can be calculated using the combination formula \( nCk \), where \( n \) is the initial level and \( k \) is the final level.
- The number of ways to choose 2 levels from 4 is given by \( 4C2 \), which equals \( 6 \). Thus, the maximum number of photons emitted is \( 6 \).

4. **Calculating Minimum Number of Photons**:
- The minimum number of photons emitted occurs when the electron transitions directly from \( n = 4 \) to \( n = 1 \) in one step. This means only one photon is emitted during this direct transition.

5. **Conclusion on Assertion**:
- The assertion states that the maximum number of photons emitted is \( 6 \) and the minimum is \( 1 \). Based on our calculations, this is correct.

6. **Analyzing the Reason**:
- The reason states that photons are emitted when electrons transition from a higher energy state to a lower energy state. This statement is also true and correctly describes the process of photon emission.

7. **Final Evaluation**:
- Both the assertion and the reason are true. However, the reason does not fully explain the assertion in terms of the number of transitions possible. Therefore, the assertion is true, and the reason is true but does not provide a complete explanation.

### Final Answer:
- The assertion is true, and the reason is also true, but the reason does not adequately explain the assertion.