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Lucas test is done for...

Lucas test is done for

A

alkyl halides

B

alcohols

C

acids

D

aldehydes

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

The correct Answer is:
B
This test is based on the difference in reactivity of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols towards hydrochloric acid. It involves the treatment of the alcohol with the Lucas reagent, which is a solution of anhydrous Zinc chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid. the alcohol reacts with the reagent to give the corresponding alkyl chloride. since lower alcohols (up to six carbon atoms) are soluble in water and the corresponding chlorides are insoluble in water, the formation of an alkyl chloride is detected by the appearance of a separate layer or cloudiness.
Tertiary alcohols reacts immediately, secondary alcohols take `4` to `5` minutes time to give cloudness. Primary alcohols do not react at all at room temperature and hence no cloudness is observed in their case.
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Knowledge Check

  • Lucas test is used for the determination of :

    A
    aldehydes
    B
    phenols
    C
    carboxylic acids
    D
    alcohols

  • Lucas test is used for distinguishing primary, secondary and tertiary alchols as: ROH+"Conc."HCloverset(ZnCl_(2))rarrRCl (white turbidity) +H_(2)O The correct statement regarding the above test is/are

    A
    ROH behaves as a base
    B
    Greater the value of `pK_(a)` of alcohol, greater the reactivity with HCl and thus, sooner the formation of white turbidity.
    C
    Alcohols that reacts faster with Na metal, will give turbidity at fastest rate.
    D
    Alcohols that do not change the orange colour of acidic dichromate solution produces immediate turbidity in this test.

  • Lucas test is used for

    A
    Alcohols
    B
    Amines
    C
    Diethyl ether
    D
    Glacial acetic acid

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