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Explain why cations are smaller and anio...

Explain why cations are smaller and anions larger in radii than their parent atoms?

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The Ionic radius of cation is always smaller than the parent atom because the loss of one or more elecrons increases the effective nuclear charge. As a result the force of attraction of nucleus for the electrons increases and hence the ionic radii decrease. In contrast the ionic radius of an anion is always large than it parent atom because the addition of one or more elecrons decreases the effective nuclear charge . As a result , the force of attraction of the nucleus for the electrons decreases and hence the ionic radii increase.
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Knowledge Check

  • The cation is ________ and the anion is ________ than the parent atom.

    A
    smaller, bigger
    B
    smaller, smaller
    C
    bigger, bigger
    D
    equal, bigger

  • Consider the following statements I. The radius of an anion is larger than that of the parent atom. II. The ionization energy generally increases with increasing atomic number in a period. III The electronegativity of elements increases on moving down across a group. Which of the above statements is/are correct ?

    A
    I alone
    B
    II alone
    C
    I and II
    D
    II and III

  • Consider the following statements: I. The radius of an anion is larger than that of parent atom II. The I.E. increases from left to right in a period generally III. The electronegativity of an element is the tendency of an isolated atom to attract an electron The Correct statements are-

    A
    I alone
    B
    II alone
    C
    I and II
    D
    II and III

    • Similar Questions

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    Why Ca has larger atomic radius than Al ?

    Consider the following statement: (I) The radius of an anion is larger than that of the parent atom. (II) the ionization energy generally increases with increasing atomic number in a period. (III) The electronegativity of an element is the tendency of an isolated atom to attract an electron. Which of the above statement is/are correct?

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