Which will from maximum boiling azeotrope ?
Which will from maximum boiling azeotrope ?
A
`C_(6)H_(6) + C_(6)H_(5)CH_(3) ` solution
B
`HNO_(3)+H_(2)O` solution
C
`C_(2)H_(5)OH+H_(2)O` solution
D
n- hexane and n-heptane
Text Solution
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The correct Answer is:
To determine which mixture forms a maximum boiling azeotrope, we need to understand the concept of azeotropes and the behavior of solutions in relation to Raoult's Law.
### Step-by-Step Solution:
1. **Understanding Azeotropes**:
- Azeotropes are mixtures of two or more liquids that boil at a constant temperature and maintain the same composition in both the liquid and vapor phases during boiling.
2. **Types of Azeotropes**:
- There are two types of azeotropes: maximum boiling azeotropes and minimum boiling azeotropes.
- Maximum boiling azeotropes occur when the solution exhibits negative deviations from Raoult's Law, meaning the vapor pressure of the solution is lower than expected.
3. **Negative Deviations from Raoult's Law**:
- In solutions showing negative deviations, the interactions between solute and solvent molecules are stronger than the interactions between the individual solute-solute and solvent-solvent molecules.
- This results in a decrease in vapor pressure and an increase in boiling point.
4. **Identifying the Correct Mixture**:
- Among the given options, we need to identify which mixture shows negative deviations and forms a maximum boiling azeotrope.
- For example, nitric acid (HNO3) and water form a maximum boiling azeotrope because the hydrogen bonding between nitric acid and water is stronger than the individual interactions.
5. **Conclusion**:
- The mixture that forms the maximum boiling azeotrope is HNO3 and water, which has a composition of approximately 68% nitric acid and 32% water, boiling at around 393.5 K.
### Final Answer:
- The mixture that forms the maximum boiling azeotrope is **HNO3 and water**.
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