Although +3 oxidation state is the chara...

Although +3 oxidation state is the characteristic oxidation state of lanthanoids but cerium shows +4 oxidation state also. Why ?

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`+4` state of Ce is stable, because it attains `f^(0)` configuration as well as noble gas like electronic structure.
`Ce([Xe]4f^(1)5d^(1)6s^(2))overset(-4e)rarr Ce^(4+)([Xe]4f^(0))`

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Although + 3 is the characteristic oxidation state for lanthanoids but cerium also shows + 4 oxidation states, because -

it has variable ionisation enthalpy.

it has a tendency to attain noble gas configuration

it has a tendency to attain `f^(0)` configuration

it resembles `Pb^(4+)`

Fe shows an oxidation state of +1 in

`Fe(CO)_5`

`[Fe(H_2O)_5NO]SO_4`

`FE_4[Fe(CN)_6]_3`

`FeCl_4^(-)`

Although +3 oxidation state is the characteristic oxidation state of lanthanoids but cerium shows +4 oxidation state also. Why ?

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Although + 3 is the characteristic oxidation state for lanthanoids but cerium also shows + 4 oxidation states, because -

Fe shows an oxidation state of +1 in

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CHHAYA PUBLICATION-D - AND F - BLOCK ELEMENTS -SOLVED NCERT EXEMPLAR PROBLEMS (Short Answer Type)