How many alcohols with molecular formula `C_(4)H_(10)O` are chiral in nature ?

Options

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

Explanation

To determine how many alcohols with the molecular formula C₄H₁₀O are chiral in nature, we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the possible structural isomers of C₄H₁₀O
The molecular formula C₄H₁₀O indicates that we are dealing with alcohols. The possible structural isomers of butanol (C₄H₁₀O) can be derived by varying the position of the hydroxyl (-OH) group and the arrangement of carbon atoms.

### Step 2: List the possible isomers
1. **Butan-1-ol (1-butanol)**: CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂OH
2. **Butan-2-ol (2-butanol)**: CH₃-CH(OH)-CH₂-CH₃
3. **Isobutanol (tert-butanol)**: (CH₃)₃COH (also known as 2-methyl-1-propanol)
4. **Butan-3-ol (3-butanol)**: CH₃-CH₂-CH(OH)-CH₃

### Step 3: Identify chiral centers
A chiral carbon is a carbon atom that is bonded to four different groups. We will analyze each isomer to identify if they contain chiral centers.

1. **Butan-1-ol**: The carbon with the -OH group is attached to two hydrogen atoms and two carbon atoms, so it is not chiral.
2. **Butan-2-ol**: The carbon with the -OH group is attached to a methyl group (CH₃), a hydrogen atom (H), an ethyl group (CH₂CH₃), and another carbon (CH). This carbon is chiral.
3. **Isobutanol**: The carbon with the -OH group is attached to three methyl groups and one hydrogen atom, so it is not chiral.
4. **Butan-3-ol**: Similar to butan-2-ol, the carbon with the -OH group is attached to a methyl group (CH₃), a hydrogen atom (H), an ethyl group (CH₂CH₃), and another carbon (CH). This carbon is also chiral.

### Step 4: Count the chiral alcohols
From the analysis:
- Butan-1-ol: Not chiral
- Butan-2-ol: Chiral
- Isobutanol: Not chiral
- Butan-3-ol: Chiral

Thus, there are **two chiral alcohols** with the molecular formula C₄H₁₀O: **butan-2-ol** and **butan-3-ol**.

### Final Answer
The number of chiral alcohols with the molecular formula C₄H₁₀O is **2**.

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