Consumption of cheap,less durable products leads to wastage of
Consumption of cheap,less durable products leads to wastage of
A
Raw materials
B
Time power
C
Space
D
All of these
Text Solution
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The correct Answer is:
D
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Knowledge Check
(A) : The reaction C + O_(2) rarr CO_(2) is an exothermic reaction Reason (R ): In this reaction that total enthalpy of the product is less than the total enthalpy of the reactants
(A) : The reaction C + O_(2) rarr CO_(2) is an exothermic reaction Reason (R ): In this reaction that total enthalpy of the product is less than the total enthalpy of the reactants
A
A and R are true, R explains A
B
A and R are true, R does not explain A
C
A is true, but R is false
D
A is false, but R is true
A catalyst alters the rate of a reaction by leading of increasing the energy of activation, In Heterogeneus catalysis adrosption mechanism occurs and Hemogeneus. Catalysis intermediate formation occurs. In auto catalysis one of the products acts on catalyst. The DeltaH of a reaction A + B to C is d -20 KJ mol^(-1) . When a catalyst is used. What is DeltaH for the reaction without catalyst (magnitude)
A catalyst alters the rate of a reaction by leading of increasing the energy of activation, In Heterogeneus catalysis adrosption mechanism occurs and Hemogeneus. Catalysis intermediate formation occurs. In auto catalysis one of the products acts on catalyst. The DeltaH of a reaction A + B to C is d -20 KJ mol^(-1) . When a catalyst is used. What is DeltaH for the reaction without catalyst (magnitude)
A
`lt 20 KJ`
B
`gt 20 KJ `
C
`20 KJ `
D
Depends on catalyst
K_2Cr_2O_7 acts as a good oxidizing agent in acidic medium underset("Orange")(Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-)) + 14H^(+) + 6e^(-) rarr underset("Green")(2Cr^(3+)) + 7H_2O In alkaline solution, orange colour of Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-) chages to yellow colour due to formation of Cr_2O_(4)^(2-) and again yellow colour changes to orange colour on changing the solution to acidic medium underset("Orange")(Cr_2O_7^(2-))+2OH^(_) rarrunderset("Yellow")(Cr_2O_7^(2-))+H_2O underset("Yellow")(2CrO_(4)^(2_-)) + 2H^(+) rarr underset("Orange")(Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-) + H_(2)O) Cr_(4)^(2-) and Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-) exist in equilibrium at pH =4 and are interconvertible by altering the pH of the solution. When heated with H_2SO_4 and metal chloride K_2Cr_2O_7 gives vapour of chromyl chloride (CrO_2Cl_2) . Chromyl chloride (CrO_2Cl_2) when passed into aqueous NaOH solution, yellow colour solution of CrO_(4)^(2-) is obtained. This on reaction with lead acetate gives yellow ppt. PbCrO_4 . When H_2O_2 is added to an acidified solution of dichromate ion, a complicated reaction occurs. The products obtained depend on the pH and concentration of dichromate. Cr_2O_7^(2-)+2H^(+) + 4H_(2)O_(2) rarr 2Cr(O_2)+5H_2O A deep blue-violet coloured peroxo compound, CrO(O_2)_2, ' called chromic peroxide is formed. This decomposes rapidly in aqueous solution into Cr^(3+) and xygen. What happens when a solution of potassium chromate is treated with an excess of dilute nitric acid?
K_2Cr_2O_7 acts as a good oxidizing agent in acidic medium underset("Orange")(Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-)) + 14H^(+) + 6e^(-) rarr underset("Green")(2Cr^(3+)) + 7H_2O In alkaline solution, orange colour of Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-) chages to yellow colour due to formation of Cr_2O_(4)^(2-) and again yellow colour changes to orange colour on changing the solution to acidic medium underset("Orange")(Cr_2O_7^(2-))+2OH^(_) rarrunderset("Yellow")(Cr_2O_7^(2-))+H_2O underset("Yellow")(2CrO_(4)^(2_-)) + 2H^(+) rarr underset("Orange")(Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-) + H_(2)O) Cr_(4)^(2-) and Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-) exist in equilibrium at pH =4 and are interconvertible by altering the pH of the solution. When heated with H_2SO_4 and metal chloride K_2Cr_2O_7 gives vapour of chromyl chloride (CrO_2Cl_2) . Chromyl chloride (CrO_2Cl_2) when passed into aqueous NaOH solution, yellow colour solution of CrO_(4)^(2-) is obtained. This on reaction with lead acetate gives yellow ppt. PbCrO_4 . When H_2O_2 is added to an acidified solution of dichromate ion, a complicated reaction occurs. The products obtained depend on the pH and concentration of dichromate. Cr_2O_7^(2-)+2H^(+) + 4H_(2)O_(2) rarr 2Cr(O_2)+5H_2O A deep blue-violet coloured peroxo compound, CrO(O_2)_2, ' called chromic peroxide is formed. This decomposes rapidly in aqueous solution into Cr^(3+) and xygen. What happens when a solution of potassium chromate is treated with an excess of dilute nitric acid?
A
`Cr^(3+)` and `Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-)` are formed
B
`Cr_(2)O_7^(2-)` is reduced to +3 state of Cr
C
`CrO_(4)^(2-)` reduced to +3 state of Cr
D
`CrO_(4)^(2-)` is reduced to 0 state of Cr
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A catalyst alters the rate of a reaction by leading of increasing the energy of activation, In Heterogeneus catalysis adrosption mechanism occurs and Hemogeneus. Catalysis intermediate formation occurs. In auto catalysis one of the products acts on catalyst. 2SO_2 + O_(2) overset(NO(g))(rarr)2SO_3 . This reaction is carried out through formation of ----- intermediate.
Covalent molecules formed by heteroatoms bound to have some ionic character. The ionic character is due to shifting of the electron pair towards A or B in the molecule AB. Hence, atoms acquire small and equal charge but opposite in sign. Such a bond which has some ionic character is described as polar covalent bond. Polar covalent molecules can exhibit dipole moment. Dipole moment is equal to the product of charge separation, q and the bond length, d for the bond. The unit of dipole moment is Debye. One Debye is equal to 10^(-18) esu cm. Dipole moment is a vector quantity. It has both magnitude and direction. Hence, dipole moment of molecules depends upon the relative orientation of the bond dipoles, but not on the polarity of bonds alone. A symmetrical structure shows zero dipole moment. Thus, dipole moments help to predict the geometry of the molecules. Dipole moment values can be used to distinguish between cis-and traps-isomers, ortho-, meta-and para-forms of a substance, etc. The percentage of ionic character of a bond can be calculated by the application of the following formula : % " ionic character " = ("Experimental value of dipole moment ")/("Theoretical value of dipole moment ") xx 100 The dipole moment of NF_(3) is very much less than that of NH_(3) because :