Molecule having maximum number of covalent bonds is

Options

A. `NH_4OH`
B. `NH_4 Cl`
C. `CO(NH_2)_2`
D. `CH_3OH`

Answer

To determine which molecule has the maximum number of covalent bonds among the given options, we need to analyze each molecule step by step. The molecules provided are NH4OH (ammonium hydroxide), NH4Cl (ammonium chloride), Urea (NH2CO), and CH3OH (methanol).

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Structures of Each Molecule:**
- **NH4OH (Ammonium Hydroxide):**
- The structure consists of NH4+ and OH-.
- NH4+ has 4 covalent bonds (N-H) and OH- has 1 covalent bond (O-H).
- Total covalent bonds = 4 (from NH4+) + 1 (from OH-) = 5 covalent bonds.

- **NH4Cl (Ammonium Chloride):**
- The structure consists of NH4+ and Cl-.
- NH4+ has 4 covalent bonds (N-H).
- Cl- does not form covalent bonds with NH4+, as it is an ionic bond.
- Total covalent bonds = 4 (from NH4+) = 4 covalent bonds.

- **Urea (NH2CO):**
- The structure consists of NH2 groups and a carbonyl (C=O) group.
- NH2 has 2 covalent bonds (N-H) and the carbonyl group has 1 double bond (C=O).
- Total covalent bonds = 2 (from NH2) + 2 (from NH2) + 1 (C=O) = 5 covalent bonds.

- **CH3OH (Methanol):**
- The structure consists of a methyl group (CH3) and a hydroxyl group (OH).
- CH3 has 3 covalent bonds (C-H) and OH has 1 covalent bond (O-H).
- Total covalent bonds = 3 (from CH3) + 1 (from OH) = 4 covalent bonds.

2. **Count the Total Covalent Bonds:**
- NH4OH: 5 covalent bonds
- NH4Cl: 4 covalent bonds
- Urea: 5 covalent bonds
- CH3OH: 4 covalent bonds

3. **Determine the Maximum Number of Covalent Bonds:**
- The maximum number of covalent bonds is found in both NH4OH and Urea, which have 5 covalent bonds each.

### Conclusion:
The molecules with the maximum number of covalent bonds are **NH4OH (Ammonium Hydroxide)** and **Urea (NH2CO)**, both having 5 covalent bonds.