Define the law of multiple proportions, Explain it with examples. How does this law point to the existence of atoms?

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution

**Step 1: Definition of the Law of Multiple Proportions**
The law of multiple proportions states that when two elements combine to form more than one compound, the ratios of the masses of the second element that combine with a fixed mass of the first element can be expressed as ratios of small whole numbers.

**Step 2: Explanation with Examples**
To illustrate this law, we can take the example of hydrogen and oxygen, which form two different compounds: water (H₂O) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂).

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