Which of the following phenomena exhibits particle nature of light ?

Options

A. Photoelectric effect
B. Interference
C. Refraction
D. Polarization

Explanation

To determine which phenomenon exhibits the particle nature of light, we will analyze each of the options provided: photoelectric effect, interference, refraction, and polarization.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Particle Nature of Light**:
- Light exhibits dual nature, meaning it has both wave-like and particle-like properties. The particle nature is often associated with phenomena where light behaves as discrete packets of energy called photons.

2. **Analyzing Polarization**:
- Polarization refers to the orientation of the oscillations of light waves. It involves restricting light to vibrate in a particular direction. This phenomenon is best explained by the wave nature of light, as it involves the behavior of waves rather than particles.
- **Conclusion**: Polarization does not exhibit the particle nature of light.

3. **Analyzing Refraction**:
- Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another. This bending occurs due to the change in speed of light in different media, which is a wave phenomenon.
- **Conclusion**: Refraction does not exhibit the particle nature of light.

4. **Analyzing Interference**:
- Interference occurs when two or more light waves overlap and combine, resulting in a new wave pattern. This phenomenon is a direct result of the wave nature of light, as it involves the superposition of waves.
- **Conclusion**: Interference does not exhibit the particle nature of light.

5. **Analyzing Photoelectric Effect**:
- The photoelectric effect involves the emission of electrons from a material when it is exposed to light. This phenomenon can only be explained if light is considered as consisting of particles (photons) that carry quantized energy. When light hits the surface, photons transfer their energy to electrons, causing them to be emitted.
- **Conclusion**: The photoelectric effect exhibits the particle nature of light.

### Final Answer:
The phenomenon that exhibits the particle nature of light is **Photoelectric Effect**.

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