0.3g of a compound on combustion gave 0.54g of water and 0.88g of carbon dioxide. Find the percentage of carbon and hydrogen in the compound

Answer

To find the percentage of carbon and hydrogen in the given compound, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Write down the given data
- Weight of the organic compound = 0.3 g
- Weight of carbon dioxide (CO₂) produced = 0.88 g
- Weight of water (H₂O) produced = 0.54 g

### Step 2: Calculate the amount of carbon in the compound
1. **Find the moles of CO₂ produced:**
- Molar mass of CO₂ = 12 (C) + 16*2 (O) = 44 g/mol
- Moles of CO₂ = weight of CO₂ / molar mass of CO₂
\[ \text{Moles of CO₂} = \frac{0.88 \, \text{g}}{44 \, \text{g/mol}} = 0.02 \, \text{mol} \]

2. **Calculate the moles of carbon (C) in CO₂:**
- Each mole of CO₂ contains 1 mole of C.
\[ \text{Moles of C} = 0.02 \, \text{mol} \]

3. **Convert moles of carbon to grams:**
- Molar mass of carbon = 12 g/mol
\[ \text{Mass of C} = \text{Moles of C} \times \text{Molar mass of C} = 0.02 \, \text{mol} \times 12 \, \text{g/mol} = 0.24 \, \text{g} \]

### Step 3: Calculate the amount of hydrogen in the compound
1. **Find the moles of H₂O produced:**
- Molar mass of H₂O = 2 (H) + 16 (O) = 18 g/mol
- Moles of H₂O = weight of H₂O / molar mass of H₂O
\[ \text{Moles of H₂O} = \frac{0.54 \, \text{g}}{18 \, \text{g/mol}} = 0.03 \, \text{mol} \]

2. **Calculate the moles of hydrogen (H) in H₂O:**
- Each mole of H₂O contains 2 moles of H.
\[ \text{Moles of H} = 0.03 \, \text{mol} \times 2 = 0.06 \, \text{mol} \]

3. **Convert moles of hydrogen to grams:**
- Molar mass of hydrogen = 1 g/mol
\[ \text{Mass of H} = \text{Moles of H} \times \text{Molar mass of H} = 0.06 \, \text{mol} \times 1 \, \text{g/mol} = 0.06 \, \text{g} \]

### Step 4: Calculate the percentage of carbon and hydrogen in the compound
1. **Percentage of carbon:**
\[ \text{Percentage of C} = \left( \frac{\text{Mass of C}}{\text{Weight of organic compound}} \right) \times 100 = \left( \frac{0.24 \, \text{g}}{0.3 \, \text{g}} \right) \times 100 = 80\% \]

2. **Percentage of hydrogen:**
\[ \text{Percentage of H} = \left( \frac{\text{Mass of H}}{\text{Weight of organic compound}} \right) \times 100 = \left( \frac{0.06 \, \text{g}}{0.3 \, \text{g}} \right) \times 100 = 20\% \]

### Final Result:
- Percentage of Carbon (C) = 80%
- Percentage of Hydrogen (H) = 20%

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