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(a). If both (A) and (R) are correct and...

(a). If both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation for (A).
(b). If both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation for (A).
(c). If (A) is correct and (R) is incorrect.
(d). If (A) is incorrect and (R) is correct. ltbr. (e). If both (A) and (R) are incorrect.
Q. Assertion (A): Benzene (boiling point 353K) and methanol (boiling point 338K) are separated by simple distillation.
Reason (R): Fractional distillation is used to separate two liquids from their mixture when their boiling points differ by `20^@` or so.

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
To solve the question, we need to analyze both the Assertion (A) and the Reason (R) provided: **Assertion (A):** Benzene (boiling point 353 K) and methanol (boiling point 338 K) are separated by simple distillation. **Reason (R):** Fractional distillation is used to separate two liquids from their mixture when their boiling points differ by 20 degrees or so. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Identify the Boiling Points:** - Benzene has a boiling point of 353 K. - Methanol has a boiling point of 338 K. - The difference in boiling points = 353 K - 338 K = 15 K. 2. **Determine the Method of Distillation:** - Simple distillation is typically used when the boiling points of the liquids differ by more than 25 K. - Fractional distillation is used when the boiling points differ by less than 25 K. - Since the difference in boiling points (15 K) is less than 25 K, fractional distillation should be used instead of simple distillation. 3. **Evaluate the Assertion (A):** - The assertion states that benzene and methanol can be separated by simple distillation. - Since we have established that they should be separated by fractional distillation due to the small difference in boiling points, the assertion is **incorrect**. 4. **Evaluate the Reason (R):** - The reason states that fractional distillation is used when the boiling points differ by about 20 degrees or so. - This statement is **correct** because fractional distillation is indeed used for liquids with close boiling points (less than 25 K). 5. **Conclusion:** - Assertion (A) is incorrect. - Reason (R) is correct. - Therefore, the correct answer is option (d): If (A) is incorrect and (R) is correct. ### Final Answer: The correct option is (d): If (A) is incorrect and (R) is correct.
To solve the question, we need to analyze both the Assertion (A) and the Reason (R) provided: **Assertion (A):** Benzene (boiling point 353 K) and methanol (boiling point 338 K) are separated by simple distillation. **Reason (R):** Fractional distillation is used to separate two liquids from their mixture when their boiling points differ by 20 degrees or so. ### Step-by-Step Solution: ...
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