Interfering radicals interfere the test of

Options

A. Group III radicals only
B. Group III radicals or downward
C. Cation which are present in group II fitrate
D. None of these

Answer

To solve the question regarding which tests are interfered with by interfering radicals, we can break down the process step by step:

### Step 1: Understanding Interfering Radicals
Interfering radicals are specific anions that can affect the results of qualitative analysis. Common examples include oxalate, tartrate, fluoride, borate, and phosphate.

**Hint:** Remember that interfering radicals are typically anions that can form complexes with cations or other reagents.

### Step 2: Identifying the Impact on Group Tests
These interfering radicals can form complexes with ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH). This complex formation can lead to incomplete precipitation of certain cations.

**Hint:** Focus on how these radicals interact with ammonium compounds and the effect on precipitation.

### Step 3: Analyzing Group 3 Cations
The presence of these interfering radicals can lead to incomplete precipitation of group 3 cations. This means that the tests for these cations may not yield accurate results due to the interference.

**Hint:** Group 3 cations are typically tested using ammonium compounds, so consider how the radicals affect these tests.

### Step 4: Considering Other Groups
Additionally, these radicals can also cause immature precipitation of group 4 and group 5 cations, especially in an alkaline medium. This indicates that the presence of interfering radicals can disrupt the analysis of multiple groups.

**Hint:** Think about the conditions under which these groups are tested and how alkalinity plays a role.

### Step 5: Conclusion
Based on the analysis, we conclude that the interfering radicals primarily affect the tests for group 3 cations and can also interfere with group 1 and group 2 analyses by disturbing the solubility product.

**Final Answer:** The correct options indicating the tests that are interfered with by these radicals are **B (Group 3 cations)** and **C (Group 4 and 5 cations)**.