Which of the following reagent converts nitrobenzene to aniline?

Options

A. Sn/HCl
B. `Zn//NH_(4)OH`
C. Zn/NaOH
D. `LiAlH_(4)`

Answer

To convert nitrobenzene to aniline, we need to perform a reduction reaction. Here’s a step-by-step solution:

### Step 1: Identify the Reaction
Nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2) needs to be reduced to form aniline (C6H5NH2). This process involves the conversion of the nitro group (-NO2) into an amino group (-NH2).

### Step 2: Choose the Reducing Agent
We need to select an appropriate reducing agent that can facilitate this reduction. The options given are:
1. Sn with HCl
2. Zn with NH4OH
3. Zn with NaOH
4. Li-AlH4

### Step 3: Analyze the Options
- **Sn with HCl**: Tin (Sn) in the presence of hydrochloric acid (HCl) can reduce nitro compounds to amines. This is a well-known method for such reductions.
- **Zn with NH4OH**: Zinc with ammonium hydroxide is not a common method for reducing nitrobenzene to aniline.
- **Zn with NaOH**: Zinc in the presence of sodium hydroxide is not typically used for this reduction either.
- **Li-AlH4**: Lithium aluminum hydride (Li-AlH4) is a strong reducing agent, but it is generally used for reducing carbonyl compounds and not specifically for nitro groups.

### Step 4: Conclusion
The most suitable reagent from the options provided that can convert nitrobenzene to aniline is **Sn with HCl**.

### Final Answer
**Sn with HCl** is the reagent that converts nitrobenzene to aniline.

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