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-NH(2) group is a strong activator towar...

`-NH_(2)` group is a strong activator towards aromatic electrophilic substiution reaction. Activating capability of `-NH_(2)` group can be reduced by treating with

A

`CH_(3)I`

B

`CH_(3)overset(O)overset(||)C-Cl`

C

`CH_(3)-NH_(2)`

D

`CH_(3)-overset(O)overset(||)C-O-overset(O)overset(||)C-CH_(3)`

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
To solve the question regarding the reduction of the activating capability of the -NH2 group in aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions, we can follow these steps: ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Role of -NH2 Group**: - The -NH2 (amino) group is a strong electron-donating group. It increases the electron density of the benzene ring through resonance, making the ring more nucleophilic and reactive towards electrophilic substitution reactions. **Hint**: Recall that electron-donating groups increase the nucleophilicity of the aromatic ring. 2. **Effect of Electron-Withdrawing Groups**: - To reduce the activating capability of the -NH2 group, we can introduce an electron-withdrawing group. This will decrease the electron density on the benzene ring and the nitrogen atom. **Hint**: Remember that electron-withdrawing groups decrease the electron density, which can be achieved through resonance or inductive effects. 3. **Acetylation Process**: - A common method to introduce an electron-withdrawing group is through acetylation. The acetyl group (C=O-CH3) can be introduced by reacting the -NH2 group with acetyl chloride (CH3COCl) or acetic anhydride ((CH3CO)2O). - During this reaction, the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom can participate in resonance with the carbonyl group, thus reducing the electron density available for the benzene ring. **Hint**: Acetylation involves the formation of an amide, which has a carbonyl group that can withdraw electron density from the nitrogen. 4. **Conclusion**: - By treating an -NH2 substituted benzene with acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride, we can effectively reduce the activating ability of the -NH2 group. This results in a compound where the -NH2 group is converted to an -NHCOCH3 (acetanilide) group, which is less activating. **Hint**: Identify the correct reagents that can introduce the acetyl group to confirm the reduction in activating ability. ### Final Answer: The activating capability of the -NH2 group can be reduced by treating it with acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride.
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