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Which of the following given statements ...

Which of the following given statements is/are incorrect-
(a) there are five unpaired electrons in (n-1)d subshell of `Fe^(3+)`,
(b) the number of nodal planes in `4d_(xy)` orbital is one,
(c) in Ag atom 23 electrons have a spin of one type and 24 of the opposite type

A

(a)& (c)

B

Only (b)

C

only (c)

D

only (a)

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To determine which of the statements regarding the electronic configuration and properties of certain elements are incorrect, we will analyze each statement one by one. ### Step 1: Analyze Statement (a) **Statement (a):** There are five unpaired electrons in the (n-1)d subshell of Fe^(3+). 1. **Identify the atomic number of Iron (Fe):** The atomic number of Fe is 26. 2. **Write the electronic configuration of Fe:** The electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d^6 4s^2. 3. **Determine the electronic configuration of Fe^(3+):** When iron loses three electrons to form Fe^(3+), it loses the two 4s electrons first and then one 3d electron. Thus, the configuration becomes [Ar] 3d^5. 4. **Count the unpaired electrons in 3d^5:** In the 3d subshell, there are 5 electrons, and they will occupy the five available orbitals singly before pairing. Therefore, all 5 electrons are unpaired. **Conclusion for Statement (a):** This statement is **correct**. ### Step 2: Analyze Statement (b) **Statement (b):** The number of nodal planes in the 4d_(xy) orbital is one. 1. **Identify the azimuthal quantum number (l) for d orbitals:** For d orbitals, l = 2. 2. **Determine the number of nodal planes:** The number of nodal planes is given by the formula: number of nodal planes = l. Therefore, for d orbitals (l = 2), there are 2 nodal planes. **Conclusion for Statement (b):** This statement is **incorrect**. ### Step 3: Analyze Statement (c) **Statement (c):** In Ag atom, 23 electrons have a spin of one type and 24 of the opposite type. 1. **Identify the atomic number of Silver (Ag):** The atomic number of Ag is 47. 2. **Determine the distribution of spins:** In an atom, each orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons with opposite spins. If there are 47 electrons, they will be distributed in such a way that: - If 23 electrons have a spin of +1/2, then the remaining electrons (47 - 23 = 24) must have a spin of -1/2. **Conclusion for Statement (c):** This statement is **correct**. ### Final Conclusion - **Correct Statements:** (a) and (c) are correct. - **Incorrect Statement:** (b) is incorrect. ### Summary of Answers - The incorrect statement is **(b)**.
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