Which has maximum number of lone pair of electrons present on central atom i.e., xenon?

Options

A. `XeF_(2)`
B. `H_(3)O^(+)`
C. `XeF_(4)`
D. `XeF_(6)`

Explanation

To determine which compound has the maximum number of lone pairs of electrons on the central atom xenon, we will analyze the different options provided.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Xenon's Valence Electrons:**
- Xenon (Xe) is a noble gas and has 8 valence electrons in its outer shell.

2. **Analyzing Option 1: Xenon Difluoride (XeF2)**
- In XeF2, xenon forms 2 bonds with fluorine atoms.
- Each bond uses 2 of xenon's valence electrons (1 from xenon and 1 from fluorine).
- Therefore, 2 electrons are used for bonding.
- Remaining electrons: 8 (total) - 2 (bonding) = 6 electrons.
- These 6 electrons can be paired into 3 lone pairs.
- **Lone pairs in XeF2 = 3.**

3. **Analyzing Option 2: Hydronium Ion (H3O+)**
- In H3O+, the central atom is oxygen, not xenon.
- Therefore, this option does not apply to the question regarding lone pairs on xenon.
- **Lone pairs in H3O+ = 0.**

4. **Analyzing Option 3: Xenon Tetrafluoride (XeF4)**
- In XeF4, xenon forms 4 bonds with fluorine atoms.
- This uses 4 of xenon's valence electrons.
- Remaining electrons: 8 (total) - 4 (bonding) = 4 electrons.
- These 4 electrons can be paired into 2 lone pairs.
- **Lone pairs in XeF4 = 2.**

5. **Analyzing Option 4: Xenon Hexafluoride (XeF6)**
- In XeF6, xenon forms 6 bonds with fluorine atoms.
- This uses 6 of xenon's valence electrons.
- Remaining electrons: 8 (total) - 6 (bonding) = 2 electrons.
- These 2 electrons can be paired into 1 lone pair.
- **Lone pairs in XeF6 = 1.**

6. **Conclusion:**
- After analyzing all options:
- XeF2 has 3 lone pairs.
- H3O+ has 0 lone pairs (not applicable).
- XeF4 has 2 lone pairs.
- XeF6 has 1 lone pair.
- The compound with the maximum number of lone pairs on xenon is **XeF2** with **3 lone pairs**.

### Final Answer:
**XeF2 has the maximum number of lone pairs of electrons on the central atom xenon, which is 3.**

---