Explain extensive and intensive properties.

Explanation

Measurable (or) macroscopic properties such as mass, pressure, volume, temperature, surface tension, viscosity etc., can be subdivided into two categories as below:
i) Extensive properties : The properties whose magnitude depends upon the quantity of matter present in the system are called extensive properties. Examples of such properties are mass, volume, heat capacity, internal energy, entropy, heat content, Gibbs free energy etc. These properties change with quantity of mattery present in the system. These properties are additive in nature.
(ii) Intensive properties: The properties which do not depend upon the quantity of matter present in the system are called intensive properties.
Examples of such properties are density, molar volume, molar entropy, molar-heat capacity, surface tension, viscosity, specific heat, refractive index, pressure, temperature, boiling point freezing point, vapour pressure etc. These properties depends only on the nature of the substance.