Plasmodesmate are :-

Options

A. Connections between adjacent cells
B. Lignified cemented layers between cells
C. Locomotary structures
D. Membranes connecting the nucleus with plasmalemma

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Plasmodesmata**: Plasmodesmata are specialized structures found in plant cells. They are microscopic channels that traverse the cell walls of adjacent plant cells.

2. **Function of Plasmodesmata**: The primary function of plasmodesmata is to facilitate communication and transport of substances between neighboring plant cells. This is crucial for the coordination of cellular activities.

3. **Composition of Plasmodesmata**: Plasmodesmata are formed by the middle lamella, which is rich in pectin. Pectin acts as a cementing substance that holds the cell walls of adjacent cells together.

4. **Chemical Components**: The middle lamella, where plasmodesmata are located, is composed of calcium and magnesium pectates. These components contribute to the structural integrity and functionality of the plasmodesmata.

5. **Cytoplasmic Connections**: Plasmodesmata can also be referred to as cytoplasmic connections because they allow the cytoplasm of one cell to connect with that of another, enabling the exchange of materials and signaling molecules.

6. **Conclusion**: Based on the above information, we conclude that plasmodesmata are connections present between the cell walls of adjacent plant cells, facilitating communication and transport.

**Final Answer**: Plasmodesmata are connections that are present between the adjacent plant cells.

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