Iodine shows the highest oxidation state in the compound :-

Options

A. `KI`
B. `KI_(3)`
C. `IF_(5)`
D. `KIO_(4)`

Answer

To determine the highest oxidation state of iodine in the given compounds, we will analyze each compound step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze KI (Potassium Iodide)
- In KI, potassium (K) has an oxidation state of +1.
- Let the oxidation state of iodine (I) be \( x \).
- The compound is neutral, so we can set up the equation:
\[ +1 + x = 0 \]
- Solving for \( x \):
\[ x = -1 \]
- **Hint**: Remember that the sum of oxidation states in a neutral compound is zero.

### Step 2: Analyze KI3 (Potassium Triiodide)
- In KI3, potassium (K) has an oxidation state of +1.
- Let the oxidation state of iodine be \( x \).
- There are three iodine atoms, so we write:
\[ +1 + 3x = 0 \]
- Solving for \( x \):
\[ 3x = -1 \quad \Rightarrow \quad x = -\frac{1}{3} \]
- **Hint**: When dealing with multiple atoms of the same element, multiply the oxidation state by the number of atoms.

### Step 3: Analyze IF5 (Iodine Pentafluoride)
- In IF5, the oxidation state of fluorine (F) is -1.
- Let the oxidation state of iodine be \( x \).
- There are five fluorine atoms, so we write:
\[ x + 5(-1) = 0 \]
- Solving for \( x \):
\[ x - 5 = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad x = +5 \]
- **Hint**: Fluorine is highly electronegative and typically has an oxidation state of -1.

### Step 4: Analyze KIO4 (Potassium Iodate)
- In KIO4, potassium (K) has an oxidation state of +1, and oxygen (O) has an oxidation state of -2.
- Let the oxidation state of iodine be \( x \).
- There are four oxygen atoms, so we write:
\[ +1 + x + 4(-2) = 0 \]
- Simplifying this gives:
\[ +1 + x - 8 = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad x - 7 = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad x = +7 \]
- **Hint**: Pay attention to the number of oxygen atoms and their oxidation states when calculating.

### Conclusion
Now we can summarize the oxidation states we found:
- KI: -1
- KI3: -1/3
- IF5: +5
- KIO4: +7

The highest oxidation state of iodine is found in KIO4, which is +7.

### Final Answer
The compound in which iodine shows the highest oxidation state is **KIO4** (option D).