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The correct order of acidic strength of ...

The correct order of acidic strength of carboxylic acids is

A

formic acid `lt`benzoic acid `lt`acetic acid

B

formic acid `lt` acetic acid `lt` benzoic acid

C

acetic acid `lt` formic acid `lt` benzoic acid

D

acetic acid `lt` benzoic acid `lt` formic acid

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

The correct Answer is:
D
Acetic acid `lt` benzoic acid `lt` formic acid.
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The correct order of decreasing acidic strength of oxyacids of group 15 element is:

Paragraph Carboxylic acids are distinctly acidic because they ionize in water to give hydronium ions: RCOOH+H_(2)O hArr RCOO^(-) +H_(3)O^(+) The acidic strength depends upon the extent of ionizations of the acid and the stability of the anion formed. The acidic strength can also be expressed in terms of dissociation constant K_(a) or pK_(a) which are related as pK_(a)= -log K_(a) . Most unsubstituted carboxylic acids have K_(a) values in the range of 10^(-4) to 10^(-5) (pK_(a) =4-5) . The substitutents have marked effect on the acidic strength of carboxylic acids. Any group that stabilizes the carboxylate ion more than the carboxylic acid group will increase the acidic strength, and the group which destabilizes the carboxylate group more than the carboxylic acid group will decrease the acidic strength. In a similar manner, the electron-releasing groups makes benzoic acid weaker, while the electron-withdrawing groups make benzoic acid stronger. The ortho isomer of every substituted benzoic acid (whether electron releasing or electron withdrawing) is the strongest among the three isomers due to ortho effect. Which of the following statement is not correct?

Knowledge Check

  • The increasing order of acid strength of the following carboxylic acids is

    A
    `ClCH_(2)-CH_(2)-COOH lt ClCH_(2)COOH lt NC - CH_(2)COOH lt CHCl_(2)COOH`
    B
    `ClCH_(2)-COOH lt NC - CH_(2)COOH lt ClCH_(2)CH_(2)COOH lt CHCl_(2)COOH`
    C
    `ClCH_(2)-CH_(2)-COOH lt CHCl_(2)-COOH lt ClCH_(2)-COOH lt NC-CH_(2)-COOH`
    D
    `NC - CH_(2)-COOH lt Cl - CH_(2)COOH lt CH-Cl_(2)COOH lt Cl-CH_(2)CH_(2)COOH`

  • The order of acidic strength of boron trihalides is:

    A
    `BF_3 gt BCl_3gt BBr_3 gt Bl_3`
    B
    ` Bl_3 lt BB r_3 gt BCl_3 gt BF_3`
    C
    ` BCl_3gt BBr_3gt Bl_3gt BF_3`
    D
    ` BBr_3gt BCl_3gt BF_3 gt Bl_3 `

  • The correct increasing order of the acidic strength of acids, butyric acid (I), 2-chlorobutyric acid (II), 3-chlorobutyric acid (III) and 2,2-dichlorobutyric acid (IV) is

    A
    `IltIIltIIIltIV`
    B
    `IIIltIIltIVltI`
    C
    `IltIIIltIIltIV`
    D
    `IIIltIltIIltIV`

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    Paragraph Carboxylic acids are distinctly acidic because they ionize in water to give hydronium ions: RCOOH+H_(2)O hArr RCOO^(-) +H_(3)O^(+) The acidic strength depends upon the extent of ionizations of the acid and the stability of the anion formed. The acidic strength can also be expressed in terms of dissociation constant K_(a) or pK_(a) which are related as pK_(a)= -log K_(a) . Most unsubstituted carboxylic acids have K_(a) values in the range of 10^(-4) to 10^(-5) (pK_(a) =4-5) . The substitutents have marked effect on the acidic strength of carboxylic acids. Any group that stabilizes the carboxylate ion more than the carboxylic acid group will increase the acidic strength, and the group which destabilizes the carboxylate group more than the carboxylic acid group will decrease the acidic strength. In a similar manner, the electron-releasing groups makes benzoic acid weaker, while the electron-withdrawing groups make benzoic acid stronger. The ortho isomer of every substituted benzoic acid (whether electron releasing or electron withdrawing) is the strongest among the three isomers due to ortho effect. Which of the following is the weakest acid?

    Paragraph Carboxylic acids are distinctly acidic because they ionize in water to give hydronium ions: RCOOH+H_(2)O hArr RCOO^(-) +H_(3)O^(+) The acidic strength depends upon the extent of ionizations of the acid and the stability of the anion formed. The acidic strength can also be expressed in terms of dissociation constant K_(a) or pK_(a) which are related as pK_(a)= -log K_(a) . Most unsubstituted carboxylic acids have K_(a) values in the range of 10^(-4) to 10^(-5) (pK_(a) =4-5) . The substitutents have marked effect on the acidic strength of carboxylic acids. Any group that stabilizes the carboxylate ion more than the carboxylic acid group will increase the acidic strength, and the group which destabilizes the carboxylate group more than the carboxylic acid group will decrease the acidic strength. In a similar manner, the electron-releasing groups makes benzoic acid weaker, while the electron-withdrawing groups make benzoic acid stronger. The ortho isomer of every substituted benzoic acid (whether electron releasing or electron withdrawing) is the strongest among the three isomers due to ortho effect. Which of the following has the smallest pK_(a) value?

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