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PCl(5) is known but NCl(5) is not known....

`PCl_(5)` is known but `NCl_(5)` is not known.
Or Nitrogen does not form pentahalide.

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

Electronic configuration of P is `1s^(2)2s^(2)s^(6)3s^(2)" "3p_(x)^(1)3p_(y)^(1)3p_(z)^(1)3d^(0)`. Thus, P has empty 3d orbitals to

which the 3s electron can be excited to have five half-filled orbitals needed for formation of `PCl_(5)`. Thus `PCl_(5)` is known.
In contrast, electronic configuration of N is `1s^(2)2s^(2)" "2p_(x)^(1)2p_(y)^(1)2p_(z)^(1)`. Since the valence shell of nitrogen has n=2, therefore, it cannot have d-orbitals. However, if one of the 2s electrons is excited to 3s orbital, five

half-filled orbitals needed to form `NCl_(5)` can still be obained. But such an excitation is thermodynamically not favoureble since the energy needed for excitation is more than the energy expected to be generated during the formation of two additionl P-Cl bonds. Therefore, nitrogen does not form `NCl_(5)`. In other words, `NCl_(5)` is unknown.
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PRADEEP-P-BLOCK ELEMENTS (NITROGEN FAMILY)-CONCEPTUAL QUESTIONS
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  2. Explain the difference between covalency and oxidation state by taking...

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  3. The stability of +5 oxidation state decreases down the group 15 of the...

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  4. Tendency to form pentahalides decreases down the group 15 of the perio...

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  5. Give the chemical reaction to support that +5 oxidation state of Bi is...

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  6. Bismuth is a strong oxidizing agent in the pentavalent state. Or penta...

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  7. Why is Bi(V) a stronger oxidant than Sb(V) ?

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  8. Explain why both N and Bi do not form pentahalides while phosphorus do...

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  9. NH(3) has higher proton affinity than PH(3). Explain. Or NH(3) is more...

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  10. You have the following substances :NH(3),O(2),andH(2)O. Write equation...

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  11. Although nitrogen and chlorine have very nearly same electronegativity...

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  12. Although fluorine is much more electronegative than hydrogen yet the d...

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  13. Unlike phosphorus, nitrogen show little tendency for catenation. Or ...

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  14. Ammonia is a good complexing agent. Give reasons. Or Ammonia acts as...

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  15. Why is N(2)O(5) more acidic than N(2)O(3) ?

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  16. Give reasons for the following : (i) NO (Nitric oxide) is paramagnet...

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  17. In the structure of HNO(3), why is N-O bond (121 pm) shorter than N-OH...

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  18. Why is nitrous acid oxidant as well as reductant?

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  19. Draw the structure of white phosphorus and red phosphorus. Which one o...

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  20. PCl(5) is ionic in nature in the solid state. Give reasons. Or Solid...

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