A girl of mass 50 kg jumps out of a rowing boat of mass 300 kg on to the bank, with a horizontal velocity of 3 m/s. With what velocity does the boat begin to move backwards ?

Explanation

To solve the problem of the girl jumping out of the rowing boat and determining the backward velocity of the boat, we can use the principle of conservation of momentum. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the solution:

### Step 1: Understand the System
The system consists of two parts: the girl and the boat. Initially, both the girl and the boat are at rest, which means their initial momentum is zero.

### Step 2: Define the Masses and Velocities
- Mass of the girl (m_g) = 50 kg
- Mass of the boat (m_b) = 300 kg
...