Breathing is the process that moves air in (inhaling) and out (exhaling) of the lungs. Breath is life as breathing provides `99%` of energy to our bodies.
(a) What happen when we inhale?
(b) Why a person with pulmonary disease has difficulty in breathing? What message does it convey?
(c ) What is done to make a newborn have his first breath?

Explanation

(a) Inhalation inflates the alveoli (balloon like structures in the lungs)- there are between 300 million and 400 million alveoli in each lung.
(b) The pulmonary disease (emphysema), most common in long term smokers, result from an enlargement of the alveoli as some as destroyed and other enlarge or combine. Normally, it would take twice the pressure to inflate a membrane with twice the radius. The enlarged alveoli provide less recoil on exhalation, and a person with emphysema has difficulty in breathing as well as reduced oxygen exhange.
Smoking results in painful existence leading to death and hence should shunned at all costs.
(c ) In a newborn baby, the alveoli are small and collapsed and must be inflated with initial inhalation. The traditional practice is to accomplish this are slaps on the baby's bottom to make the newborn cry and inhale.