Energy iswhen an electron is added to is...

Energy is_______when an electron is added to isolated gaseous atom to form an ion with a `1-`charge.

released

absorbed

nither released nor absorbed

either released or absorbed

Verified by Experts

The correct Answer is:

The process is either exothermic or endothermic depending upon the nature of the element.

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The amount of energy released when an electron is added to an isolated gaseous atom to produce a monovalent anion is called electron affinity of first electron affinity or electron gain enthalpy. The first electron affinity is given a negative sign as the addition of an electron to a neutral atom is an exoergic process. The addition of electron to A^(-) requires energy to overcome the force of repulsion. Thus, the second electron affinity is an endoergic process. The magnitude of electron affinity depends on a number of factors such as (i) atomic size (ii) effective nuclear charge (iii) screening effects (iv) half and fully filled orbitals and (v) shape of orbital. In general, electron affinity increase as the atomic radii decrease in a period. However, there are exceptions when the atoms have stable configuration. In a group, electron affinity decreases as the size increases. However, the members of 3rd period have somewhat higher values than the members in the 2nd period of the same subgroups. Which of the following has least electron affinity?

Oxygen

Argon

Nitrogen

Boron

I,iii, iv

I,ii,iii

ii,iii,iv

All

Both `N` and `P` have half-filled `p`-orbitals in the valence shell.

The atom is more stable than the corresponding anoin.

The electronic configuration of the anoin `N^(ɵ)` and `P^(ɵ)` is relatively more stable than the corresponding atom.

Both (b) and C.