Chlorobenzene is ______ reactive than benzene towards electrophilic substitution and directs the incoming electrophile to the_____ position.

Options

A. more, ortho/para
B. less, ortho/para
C. more, meta
D. less meta

Explanation

To answer the question, we need to analyze the reactivity of chlorobenzene compared to benzene in the context of electrophilic substitution reactions and the directing effects of substituents.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Electrophilic Substitution**: Electrophilic substitution is a reaction where an electrophile replaces a hydrogen atom in an aromatic compound. The reactivity of an aromatic compound towards electrophilic substitution depends on the nature of the substituents already present on the ring.

2. **Comparing Chlorobenzene and Benzene**: Benzene is a stable aromatic compound that undergoes electrophilic substitution reactions. Chlorobenzene, which has a chlorine atom attached to the benzene ring, is also aromatic but has different reactivity due to the presence of the chlorine atom.

3. **Effect of Chlorine on Reactivity**: Chlorine is a deactivating group for electrophilic substitution because it is an electron-withdrawing group due to its electronegativity. However, it also has the ability to donate lone pairs of electrons through resonance, which can stabilize the positive charge in the intermediate formed during the electrophilic substitution.

4. **Reactivity Comparison**: Chlorobenzene is **less reactive** than benzene towards electrophilic substitution because the electron-withdrawing effect of chlorine predominates over its resonance effect. Therefore, chlorobenzene is **less reactive** than benzene.

5. **Directing Effect of Chlorine**: The chlorine atom directs incoming electrophiles to the **ortho** and **para** positions due to its resonance effect. This means that when an electrophile approaches the chlorobenzene, it is more likely to substitute at the ortho or para positions rather than the meta position.

### Final Answer:
Chlorobenzene is **less** reactive than benzene towards electrophilic substitution and directs the incoming electrophile to the **ortho** and **para** positions.

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