Grignard reagents and organolithium compounds on addition to dry ice separately, followed by hydrolysis gives

Options

A. ketones and carboxylic acids respectively
B. carboxylic acids and ketones respectively
C. only carboxylic acids
D. only ketones

Explanation

To solve the problem, we will analyze the reactions of Grignard reagents and organolithium compounds with dry ice (CO2) followed by hydrolysis step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Reagents**:
- Grignard reagent: \( R-MgX \)
- Organolithium compound: \( R-Li \)
- Dry ice: \( CO_2 \)

2. **Reactivity Comparison**:
- Organolithium compounds are more reactive than Grignard reagents. This is due to lithium being a better metal than magnesium, which results in a greater negative charge on the alkyl group \( R \) in organolithium compounds.

3. **Reaction with Dry Ice**:
- Both Grignard reagents and organolithium compounds will react with dry ice (CO2).
- The nucleophilic alkyl group \( R^- \) from both reagents will attack the electrophilic carbon in CO2.

4. **Formation of Intermediate**:
- The attack of \( R^- \) on CO2 leads to the formation of a carboxylate intermediate:
- For Grignard:
\[ R-MgX + CO_2 \rightarrow R-C(=O)O^- + MgX^+ \]
- For Organolithium:
\[ R-Li + CO_2 \rightarrow R-C(=O)O^- + Li^+ \]

5. **Hydrolysis Step**:
- The next step involves hydrolysis (adding water) to convert the carboxylate intermediate into the corresponding carboxylic acid:
- For Grignard:
\[ R-C(=O)O^- + H_2O \rightarrow R-C(=O)OH + Mg(OH)X \]
This yields a carboxylic acid.
- For Organolithium:
\[ R-C(=O)O^- + H_2O \rightarrow R-C(=O)OH + LiOH \]
However, due to the higher reactivity of organolithium, it can attack the carboxylic acid again, leading to the formation of a ketone:
\[ R-C(=O)OH + R-Li \rightarrow R-C(=O)-R + LiOH \]

6. **Final Products**:
- The final products are:
- For Grignard reagents: Carboxylic acid \( R-C(=O)OH \)
- For Organolithium compounds: Ketone \( R-C(=O)-R \)

### Conclusion:
- The reaction of Grignard reagents with dry ice followed by hydrolysis gives a carboxylic acid.
- The reaction of organolithium compounds with dry ice followed by hydrolysis gives a ketone.

### Final Answer:
- Grignard reagents yield carboxylic acids, while organolithium compounds yield ketones upon reaction with dry ice followed by hydrolysis.