which of the following favours the existenence of a substance in the solid state ?

Options

A. High temperature
B. Low temperature
C. high thermal enery
D. Weak cohesive forces

Explanation

To determine which condition favors the existence of a substance in the solid state, we need to analyze the given options: high pressure, high temperature, low temperature, high thermal energy, and weak cohesive forces.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Solid State Characteristics**:
- Solids have a definite shape and volume due to closely packed particles.
- The particles in solids vibrate but do not move freely, which is influenced by temperature and cohesive forces.

2. **Analyzing Each Option**:
- **High Pressure**: While high pressure can compress gases into liquids or solids, it does not inherently favor solid state existence. It can lead to phase changes but is not a direct factor for solid stability.

- **High Temperature**: High temperatures increase the kinetic energy of particles, causing them to vibrate more vigorously. This can lead to melting, making it unfavorable for a substance to remain solid.

- **Low Temperature**: At low temperatures, the kinetic energy of particles decreases, leading to slower molecular motion. This allows strong cohesive forces to dominate, keeping the particles closely packed and favoring the solid state.

- **High Thermal Energy**: Similar to high temperature, high thermal energy increases particle motion, which can disrupt the solid state and lead to melting.

- **Weak Cohesive Forces**: Weak cohesive forces would not hold the particles together effectively, making it unfavorable for a substance to exist in a solid state.

3. **Conclusion**:
- The condition that favors the existence of a substance in the solid state is **low temperature**. This is because low temperatures reduce molecular motion and enhance the effect of strong cohesive forces, allowing the particles to remain closely packed.

### Final Answer:
**Low Temperature** favors the existence of a substance in the solid state.