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Which of the following statements is inc...

Which of the following statements is incorrect for `PCl_(5)` ?

A

Its three `P-Cl` bond lengths are equal

B

It involves `sp^(3)d` hybridization

C

It has an regular geometry

D

Its shape is trigonal bipyramidal

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To determine which statement about \( PCl_5 \) is incorrect, we will analyze each of the given options based on the properties and structure of \( PCl_5 \). ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Structure of \( PCl_5 \)**: - Phosphorus (P) has 5 valence electrons, and each Chlorine (Cl) has 7 valence electrons. - Phosphorus can form five covalent bonds with five Chlorine atoms to achieve a stable configuration. 2. **Determining the Hybridization**: - The steric number for \( PCl_5 \) is calculated as the sum of bond pairs and lone pairs around the central atom (Phosphorus). - In \( PCl_5 \), there are 5 bond pairs and no lone pairs, giving a steric number of 5. - The hybridization corresponding to a steric number of 5 is \( sp^3d \). 3. **Analyzing the Geometry**: - With a steric number of 5 and no lone pairs, the geometry of \( PCl_5 \) is trigonal bipyramidal. - This geometry consists of three equatorial bonds and two axial bonds. 4. **Bond Lengths**: - In \( PCl_5 \), the three equatorial P-Cl bonds are equal in length due to their arrangement in the same plane. - The two axial P-Cl bonds are longer than the equatorial bonds due to increased repulsion from the equatorial bonds. - Therefore, while three bond lengths are equal, the axial bonds differ in length from the equatorial bonds. 5. **Evaluating the Statements**: - **Option A**: "Its three P-Cl bond lengths are equal." - This is **correct** for the equatorial bonds. - **Option B**: "It involves \( sp^3d \) hybridization." - This is **correct**. - **Option C**: "It has a regular geometry." - This is **incorrect** because a regular geometry would imply all bond lengths are equal, which is not the case here. - **Option D**: "Its shape is trigonal bipyramidal." - This is **correct**. ### Conclusion: The incorrect statement about \( PCl_5 \) is **Option C**: "It has a regular geometry."
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