How many protons and neutrons are present in the following nuclei ?
`(i) ""_(6)^(12)C " " (ii) ""_(26)^(56)Fe`
`(iii) ""_(38)^(88)Sr " " (iv) ""_(92)^(238)U`.

Explanation

To determine the number of protons and neutrons in the given nuclei, we will use the following information:

1. The atomic number (Z) represents the number of protons in the nucleus.
2. The mass number (A) represents the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
3. The number of neutrons (N) can be calculated using the formula:
\[ N = A - Z \]

Now, let's solve each part step by step.

### (i) For \( _{6}^{12}C \):
1. Identify the atomic number (Z) and mass number (A):
- Atomic number (Z) = 6 (number of protons)
- Mass number (A) = 12

2. Calculate the number of neutrons (N):
\[ N = A - Z = 12 - 6 = 6 \]

**Solution**:
- Protons = 6
- Neutrons = 6

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### (ii) For \( _{26}^{56}Fe \):
1. Identify the atomic number (Z) and mass number (A):
- Atomic number (Z) = 26 (number of protons)
- Mass number (A) = 56

2. Calculate the number of neutrons (N):
\[ N = A - Z = 56 - 26 = 30 \]

**Solution**:
- Protons = 26
- Neutrons = 30

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### (iii) For \( _{38}^{88}Sr \):
1. Identify the atomic number (Z) and mass number (A):
- Atomic number (Z) = 38 (number of protons)
- Mass number (A) = 88

2. Calculate the number of neutrons (N):
\[ N = A - Z = 88 - 38 = 50 \]

**Solution**:
- Protons = 38
- Neutrons = 50

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### (iv) For \( _{92}^{238}U \):
1. Identify the atomic number (Z) and mass number (A):
- Atomic number (Z) = 92 (number of protons)
- Mass number (A) = 238

2. Calculate the number of neutrons (N):
\[ N = A - Z = 238 - 92 = 146 \]

**Solution**:
- Protons = 92
- Neutrons = 146

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### Summary of Results:
- (i) Carbon \( _{6}^{12}C \): Protons = 6, Neutrons = 6
- (ii) Iron \( _{26}^{56}Fe \): Protons = 26, Neutrons = 30
- (iii) Strontium \( _{38}^{88}Sr \): Protons = 38, Neutrons = 50
- (iv) Uranium \( _{92}^{238}U \): Protons = 92, Neutrons = 146