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What is the role of HNO(3) in the nitrat...

What is the role of `HNO_(3)` in the nitrating mixture used for nitration of benzene?

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`HNO_(3)` accepts a proton and acts as a base in the nitrating mixture `(HNO_(3) + H_(2)SO_(4))` while sulphuric acid protonates nitric acid so it acts as an acid. In this process nitronium ion is formed which acts as an electrophile.
`HNO_(3) + H_(2)SO_(4) to underset("Electrophile")(NO_(2)^(+)) + HSO_(4)^(-) + H_(2)O`
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What is the role of HNO_(3) in the nitrating mixture used fr nitration of benzene?

Nitrating mixture is

Knowledge Check

  • Nitrating mixture is

    A
    Fuming nitric acid
    B
    Mixture of conc. `H_(2)SO_(4)` and `HNO_(3)`
    C
    Mixture of nitric acid and anhydrous zinc chloride
    D
    None of these

  • Nitration mixture is

    A
    `1:1` of conc. `HNO_(3)` and conc. `HCl`
    B
    `1:1` of conc. `HNO_(3)` and conc. `H_(2)SO_(4)`
    C
    `1:1` of conc. `HNO_(2)` and conc. `H_(2)SO_(3)`
    D
    `1:10` of conc. `H_(2)SO_(4)` and conc. `HNO_(3)`

  • Nitration mixture is

    A
    `1:1` of conc `HNO_(3)` and conc HCl.
    B
    `1:1` of conc `HNO_(3)` and conc `H_(2)SO_(4)`
    C
    `1:1` of conc `HNO_(2)` and conc. `H_(2)SO_(4)`
    D
    `1:10` of conc. `H_(2)SO_(4)` and conc. `HNO_(3)`

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    Conc, H_2SO_4 can act as a solvent, dehydrating agent and oxidizing agent. The nitrating mixture used for nitration of benzene is expected to show………….fold freezing point depression.

    Conc, H_2SO_4 can act as a solvent, dehydrating agent and oxidizing agent. The nitrating mixture used for nitration of benzene is expected to show………….fold freezing point depression.

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