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What is the role of HNO(3) in the nitrat...

What is the role of `HNO_(3)` in the nitrating mixture used for nitration of benzene?

Text Solution

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`HNO_(3)` accepts a proton and acts as a base in the nitrating mixture `(HNO_(3) + H_(2)SO_(4))` while sulphuric acid protonates nitric acid so it acts as an acid. In this process nitronium ion is formed which acts as an electrophile.
`HNO_(3) + H_(2)SO_(4) to underset("Electrophile")(NO_(2)^(+)) + HSO_(4)^(-) + H_(2)O`
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Knowledge Check

  • Nitrating mixture is

    A
    Fuming nitric acid
    B
    Mixture of conc. `H_(2)SO_(4)` and `HNO_(3)`
    C
    Mixture of nitric acid and anhydrous zinc chloride
    D
    None of these

  • Nitration mixture is

    A
    `1:1` of conc. `HNO_(3)` and conc. `HCl`
    B
    `1:1` of conc. `HNO_(3)` and conc. `H_(2)SO_(4)`
    C
    `1:1` of conc. `HNO_(2)` and conc. `H_(2)SO_(3)`
    D
    `1:10` of conc. `H_(2)SO_(4)` and conc. `HNO_(3)`

  • Nitration mixture is

    A
    `1:1` of conc `HNO_(3)` and conc HCl.
    B
    `1:1` of conc `HNO_(3)` and conc `H_(2)SO_(4)`
    C
    `1:1` of conc `HNO_(2)` and conc. `H_(2)SO_(4)`
    D
    `1:10` of conc. `H_(2)SO_(4)` and conc. `HNO_(3)`
    • MODERN PUBLICATION-ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING NITROGEN -NCERT FILE SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
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    3. What is the product when C(6)H(5)CH(2)NH(2) reacts with HNO(3)?

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    5. Give the structure of 'A' in the following reaction.

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    6. What is Hinsberg reagent?

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    7. Why is benzene diazonium chloride not stored and is used immediately a...

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    8. Why does acylation of -NH(2) of aniline reduces its activating effect?

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    9. Explain why MeNH(2) is stronger base than MeOH ?

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    10. What is the role of pyridine in the acelation reaction of amines?

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    11. Under the reaction condition (acidic, basic) the coupling reaction of ...

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    12. Predict the product of reaciton for aniline with bromine in non-polar...

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    14. What is the structure and IUPAC name of the compound, allyl amine?

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    15. Write down the IUPAC name of

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    17. A primary amine, RNH(2) can be reacted with CH(3)-X to get secondary a...

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    19. Why is aniline soluble in aqueous HCl?

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    20. Suggest a route by which the following conversion can be accomplished.

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