Example of `sp^(2)` hybridisation is

Options

A. `CH_(3)^(+)`
B. `CH_(4)`
C. `C_(2)H_(5)^(+)`
D. `C_(2)H_(6)`

Explanation

To determine an example of sp² hybridization, we can analyze the hybridization of carbon in different compounds. Let's break down the process step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Valence Electrons**:
- Carbon has 4 valence electrons.
- In sp² hybridization, one of the 4 electrons is promoted to a higher energy orbital, allowing for hybridization.

2. **Identifying the Hybridization**:
- In sp² hybridization, one s orbital and two p orbitals combine to form three equivalent sp² hybrid orbitals.
- This results in a trigonal planar geometry with a bond angle of approximately 120°.

3. **Example of sp² Hybridization**:
- A common example of sp² hybridization is the **carbocation CH₃⁺** (methyl cation).
- In CH₃⁺, the carbon atom has lost one electron (due to the positive charge), leaving it with 3 valence electrons.

4. **Bond Formation**:
- The carbon atom forms three sigma bonds with three hydrogen atoms using the three sp² hybrid orbitals.
- There are no lone pairs on the carbon atom in CH₃⁺.

5. **Calculating Steric Number**:
- The steric number is calculated as the number of bond pairs plus the number of lone pairs.
- For CH₃⁺:
- Bond pairs = 3 (from three C-H bonds)
- Lone pairs = 0
- Steric number = 3 + 0 = 3

6. **Conclusion**:
- Since the steric number is 3, the hybridization of carbon in CH₃⁺ is sp².

### Final Answer:
An example of sp² hybridization is **CH₃⁺ (methyl cation)**.