Which one among the following radiations carries maximum energy?

Options

A. Ultraviolet rays
B. Gamma-rays
C. X-rays
D. Infra-red rays

Explanation

To determine which radiation carries the maximum energy, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the relationship between energy and frequency
The energy \( E \) of electromagnetic radiation is given by the formula:
\[ E = h \nu \]
where:
- \( E \) is the energy,
- \( h \) is Planck's constant (\( 6.63 \times 10^{-34} \) Joule seconds),
- \( \nu \) (nu) is the frequency of the radiation.

### Step 2: Recognize the relationship between frequency and wavelength
The frequency \( \nu \) and wavelength \( \lambda \) of electromagnetic radiation are related by the equation:
\[ c = \nu \lambda \]
where:
- \( c \) is the speed of light (\( 3 \times 10^8 \) m/s).

From this relationship, we can see that as the wavelength \( \lambda \) decreases, the frequency \( \nu \) increases.

### Step 3: Identify the order of electromagnetic radiation
The electromagnetic spectrum is arranged in order of increasing frequency (and thus increasing energy) as follows:
- Radio waves
- Microwaves
- Infrared
- Visible light
- Ultraviolet
- X-rays
- Gamma rays

### Step 4: Determine which radiation has the highest frequency
From the order of the electromagnetic spectrum, we can see that gamma rays have the highest frequency compared to other types of radiation.

### Step 5: Conclude which radiation carries maximum energy
Since energy is directly proportional to frequency, and gamma rays have the highest frequency, they also carry the maximum energy among the given options.

### Final Answer
Gamma rays carry the maximum energy.

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