Branching descent and natural selection are the two key concepts of Darwinian Theory of Evolution. Explain each concept with the help of a suitable example.

Explanation

Branching descent: The process of evolution of different species in a given geographical area starting from a point and literally radiating to other areas of geography (habitats) is called adaptive radiation
Example: The many varieties of Darwin's finches having different beaks evolved from the original seed eating variety in the same island itsell
Natural Selection. It is a process in which a heritable variation enabling better survival of an organism leads them to reproduce and leave a greater number of progeny
Example: Excess use of herbicides and pesticides has resulted in the selection of resistant varieties, like the evolution of DDT resistant mosquito.