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Assertion:At low temperature , particles...

Assertion:At low temperature , particles of matter occupy fixed positions and exist in solid state.
Reason : Under a given set of conditions of temperature and pressure , the state of a substance depends upon the net effect of thermal energy and intermolecular forces.

A

If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion

B

If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

C

If assertion is true but reason is false

D

If both assertion and reason are false

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To solve the question, we need to analyze both the assertion and the reason provided. ### Step 1: Analyze the Assertion The assertion states: "At low temperature, particles of matter occupy fixed positions and exist in solid state." - **Explanation**: At low temperatures, the thermal energy of the particles is significantly reduced. This low thermal energy means that the particles do not have enough energy to overcome the intermolecular forces that hold them in fixed positions. As a result, they remain in a solid state, where they vibrate around fixed points but do not move freely. ### Step 2: Analyze the Reason The reason states: "Under a given set of conditions of temperature and pressure, the state of a substance depends upon the net effect of thermal energy and intermolecular forces." - **Explanation**: This statement is also correct. The state of a substance (solid, liquid, or gas) is determined by the balance between thermal energy and intermolecular forces. At low temperatures, the thermal energy is low, and intermolecular forces dominate, leading to a solid state. Conversely, at high temperatures, thermal energy increases, allowing particles to overcome intermolecular forces, leading to a transition to liquid or gas states. ### Step 3: Conclusion Both the assertion and the reason are correct. Furthermore, the reason provides a valid explanation for the assertion. ### Final Answer The correct option is: **Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.** ---
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