A horizontal straight conductor when placed along south-north direction falls under gravity, there is

Options

A. (a) an induced current from south-to-north direction
B. (b) an induced current from north-to-south direction
C. ( c) no induced emf along the length of the conductor
D. ( d) an induced emf along the length of the conductor

Explanation

To solve the problem of determining the direction of induced current in a horizontal straight conductor falling under gravity while placed along the south-north direction, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Orientation of the Conductor**:
The conductor is placed horizontally along the south-north direction. This means that one end of the conductor is towards the south and the other end is towards the north.

2. **Understand the Magnetic Field**:
The Earth's magnetic field has a specific orientation. In general, the magnetic field lines run from the north pole to the south pole of the Earth. Therefore, when we visualize the magnetic field in relation to the conductor, we can say that the magnetic field lines are directed from the north to the south.

3. **Determine the Motion of the Conductor**:
The problem states that the conductor is falling under the influence of gravity. This means that the conductor is moving downward.

4. **Apply Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction**:
According to Faraday's law, an electromotive force (EMF) is induced in a conductor when it cuts through magnetic field lines. The induced EMF is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux through the conductor.

5. **Analyze the Change in Magnetic Flux**:
In this scenario, since the conductor is falling vertically and is aligned with the magnetic field lines (which are horizontal), it does not cut through the magnetic field lines. Therefore, there is no change in magnetic flux through the conductor.

6. **Conclude About Induced EMF and Current**:
Since there is no change in magnetic flux, according to Faraday's law, the induced EMF is zero. Consequently, if the induced EMF is zero, there will be no induced current in the conductor.

7. **Final Answer**:
Thus, the direction of induced current is nonexistent, and we conclude that there is no induced current in the conductor.

### Summary:
The induced current in the horizontal straight conductor falling under gravity, placed along the south-north direction, is zero due to the lack of change in magnetic flux.

---