Amines are highly soluble in

Options

A. CCl4
B. Diethyl ether
C. Benzene
D. Water

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Solubility of Amines:**
- Amines are organic compounds that contain a nitrogen atom bonded to hydrogen atoms and/or alkyl or aryl groups. The solubility of amines in different solvents depends on their ability to form hydrogen bonds.

2. **Identifying the Types of Amines:**
- Amines can be classified into three categories: primary (1°), secondary (2°), and tertiary (3°) amines. Each type can potentially form hydrogen bonds with water.

3. **Analyzing the Solubility in Water:**
- Lower aliphatic amines, such as methylamine (1°) and ethylamine (1°), have small alkyl groups. These amines can form strong hydrogen bonds with water due to the presence of the nitrogen atom, which is electronegative and can attract hydrogen from water molecules.

4. **Impact of Alkyl Group Size:**
- As the size of the alkyl group increases, the molecular mass of the amine also increases. This leads to a decrease in the solubility of the amine in water because larger alkyl groups hinder the ability to form hydrogen bonds effectively.

5. **Hydrogen Bonding Mechanism:**
- In the case of a primary amine (RNH2), the nitrogen atom has a partial negative charge, while the hydrogen atoms have partial positive charges. This allows for the formation of hydrogen bonds with water molecules. The interaction can be visualized as follows:
- The nitrogen of the amine forms a hydrogen bond with the hydrogen of water, and the oxygen of water can also form hydrogen bonds with the hydrogen atoms of the amine.

6. **Evaluating the Given Options:**
- The options provided are CCl4, diethyl ether, benzene, and water.
- CCl4, diethyl ether, and benzene are non-polar or weakly polar solvents and do not facilitate hydrogen bonding with amines.
- Water, being a polar solvent, allows for strong hydrogen bonding with amines.

7. **Conclusion:**
- Based on the analysis, the correct answer is that amines are highly soluble in **water**.