Chromatography is a valuable method for the separation, isolation, purification and identification of the constituents of a misture and it is based on general principle of

Options

A. Phase rule
B. Phase distribution
C. Interphase separation
D. Distillation

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Chromatography**: Chromatography is a technique used for separating, isolating, purifying, and identifying the components of a mixture. It relies on the movement of substances through a stationary phase while being carried by a mobile phase.

2. **Identifying the General Principle**: The question asks for the general principle that underlies chromatography. The options provided include:
- Phase Rule
- Phase Distribution
- Interface Separation
- Distillation

3. **Evaluating the Options**:
- **Phase Rule**: This principle relates to the number of phases in a system and is not specifically applicable to chromatography.
- **Phase Distribution**: This principle is relevant to chromatography, as it involves the distribution of substances between two phases: a stationary phase and a mobile phase. In chromatography, the components of the mixture distribute themselves between these two phases based on their affinities.
- **Interface Separation**: This principle generally refers to separating two different solvents based on their interfaces, which is not the primary focus of chromatography.
- **Distillation**: This method separates components based on differences in boiling points, which is not the principle behind chromatography.

4. **Conclusion**: The correct answer is **Phase Distribution**. This principle accurately describes how chromatography functions by utilizing the distribution of substances between the stationary and mobile phases.