What are the laws of reflection?
(i) The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection, and
(ii) The incident ray, the normal to the mirror at the point of incidence and the reflected ray, all lie in the same plane.
(iii) Incident ray is equal to emergent ray.
(iv) Reflected ray is equal to emergent ray.

Options

A. (i) and (ii)
B. (i) and (iv)
C. (i), (ii) and (iv)
D. All the above

Answer

### Step-by-Step Text Solution:

1. **Understanding the Laws of Reflection**: The laws of reflection describe how light behaves when it strikes a reflective surface, such as a mirror.

2. **First Law of Reflection**:
- The first law states that the angle of incidence (i) is equal to the angle of reflection (r).
- Mathematically, this can be expressed as:
\[ i = r \]
- Here, the angle of incidence is the angle formed between the incident ray and the normal (a line perpendicular to the surface at the point of incidence), while the angle of reflection is the angle formed between the reflected ray and the normal.

3. **Second Law of Reflection**:
- The second law states that the incident ray, the normal to the mirror at the point of incidence, and the reflected ray all lie in the same plane.
- This means that if you were to draw a diagram, all three lines would be coplanar, confirming that they exist within the same geometric plane.

4. **Incorrect Statements**:
- The statements "Incident ray is equal to emergent ray" and "Reflected ray is equal to emergent ray" are not laws of reflection.
- These statements do not hold true in the context of reflection and are therefore incorrect.

5. **Conclusion**:
- The correct laws of reflection are:
1. The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
2. The incident ray, the normal, and the reflected ray all lie in the same plane.