(a) Explain the steps for extraction of copper from its ore. Write the reaction involved.
(b) Draw a neat, labelled diagram for electrolytic refining of copper and explain the process.

Explanation

(a) Copper is found as `Cu_(2)S` in nature. The concentrated `Cu_(2)S` is roasted in presence of air and `Cu_(2)O` is formed.
`2Cu_(2)S + 3O_(2)(g) overset("Heat")rarr 2 Cu_(2)O (s) + 2SO_(2) (g)`
Copper oxide `(Cu_(2)O)` is then heated in the absence of air. This reduces `Cu_(2)O` into copper metal. The copper obtained is called blister copper because hte `SO_(2)` produced during this reaction gets trapped inside its surface causing blisters to appear on the surface of copper metal.
`2Cu_(2)O + Cu_(2)S overset("Heat")rarr 6 Cu(s) + SO_(2) (g)` ltbr. (b) Electrolytic refining of copper: