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In radioactive decay process, the negati...

In radioactive decay process, the negatively changed emitted `beta-`particle are

A

the electrons present inside the nucleus

B

the eleectrons produced as a result of the decay of neutrons inside the nucleus

C

the electrons produced as result of collisions between atoms

D

the electrons orbiting around the nucleus

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

The correct Answer is:
B
Beta deacy can involve the emission of either electrons or positrons. The electrons or positrons emitted in a `beta`decay do not exist inside the nucleus. They are only created at the time of emission, just as photons are created when an atom makes a transition from higher to a lower eenrgy state.
In negative `beta`-decay a neutron in the nucleus is transformed into a proton, an electron and an antineutrino. hence, in radioactive decay process, the nagtively charged emitted `beta`particles are the electrons produced as a result of the decay of neutrons present inside the nucleus.
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When a nucleus with atomic number Z and mass number A undergoes a radioactive decay process, (i) Both Z and A will decrease, if the process is alpha decay (ii) Z will decrease but A will not change, if the process is beta^(+)- decay (iii) Z will increase but A will not change, if the process is beta- decay (iv) Z and a will remain uncharged, if the prices is gamma decay

During alpha-decay , a nucleus decays by emitting an alpha -particle ( a helium nucleus ._2He^4 ) according to the equation ._Z^AX to ._(Z-2)^(A-4)Y+._2^4He+Q In this process, the energy released Q is shared by the emitted alpha -particle and daughter nucleus in the form of kinetic energy . The energy Q is divided in a definite ratio among the alpha -particle and the daughter nucleus . A nucleus that decays spontaneously by emitting an electron or a positron is said to undergo beta -decay .This process also involves a release of definite energy . Initially, the beta -decay was represented as ._Z^AX to ._(Z+1)^AY + e^(-)"(electron)"+Q According to this reaction, the energy released during each decay must be divided in definite ratio by the emitted e' ( beta -particle) and the daughter nucleus. While , in alpha decay, it has been found that every emitted alpha -particle has the same sharply defined kinetic energy. It is not so in case of beta -decay . The energy of emitted electrons or positrons is found to vary between zero to a certain maximum value. Wolfgang Pauli first suggested the existence of neutrinoes in 1930. He suggested that during beta -decay, a third particle is also emitted. It shares energy with the emitted beta particles and thus accounts for the energy distribution. The beta particles (positron) are emitted with different kinetic energies because

Knowledge Check

  • In radioactive decay process, the negatively charged emitted beta -particles are

    A
    the electrons present inside the nucleus
    B
    the electrons produced as a result of the decay of neutrons inside the nucleus
    C
    the electrons produced as a result of collisions between atoms
    D
    the electrons orbiting around the nucleus

  • In radioactive decay process, the negatively charged emitted beta -particles are

    A
    the electrons present inside the nucleus
    B
    the electrons produced as a result of the decay of neutrons inside the nucleus
    C
    the electrons produced as a result of collisions between atoms
    D
    the electrons orbiting around the nucleus

  • The particles emitted by radioactive decay are deflected by magnetic field. The particles will be

    A
    protons and `alpha`-particles
    B
    electrons, protons and `alpha` particles
    C
    electrons, protons and neutrons
    D
    electrons and `alpha`-particles

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    In negative beta decay :-

    During alpha-decay , a nucleus decays by emitting an alpha -particle ( a helium nucleus ._2He^4 ) according to the equation ._Z^AX to ._(Z-2)^(A-4)Y+._2^4He+Q In this process, the energy released Q is shared by the emitted alpha -particle and daughter nucleus in the form of kinetic energy . The energy Q is divided in a definite ratio among the alpha -particle and the daughter nucleus . A nucleus that decays spontaneously by emitting an electron or a positron is said to undergo beta -decay .This process also involves a release of definite energy . Initially, the beta -decay was represented as ._Z^AX to ._(Z+1)^AY + e^(-)"(electron)"+Q According to this reaction, the energy released during each decay must be divided in definite ratio by the emitted e' ( beta -particle) and the daughter nucleus. While , in alpha decay, it has been found that every emitted alpha -particle has the same sharply defined kinetic energy. It is not so in case of beta -decay . The energy of emitted electrons or positrons is found to vary between zero to a certain maximum value. Wolfgang Pauli first suggested the existence of neutrinoes in 1930. He suggested that during beta -decay, a third particle is also emitted. It shares energy with the emitted beta particles and thus accounts for the energy distribution. During beta^+ decay (positron emission) a proton in the nucleus is converted into a neutron, positron and neutrino. The reaction is correctly represented as

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