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CBSE Notes
Class 6
Maths
Chapter 7 Fractions

CBSE Notes Class 6 Maths Chapter 7 Fractions

Fractions are an essential concept in CBSE Class 6 Maths that appear in many areas of life, from measuring ingredients to dividing a pizza! In CBSE Class 6, students are introduced to fractions in a deeper way, exploring various types and operations involving fractions. In this blog, we’ll take a closer look at key topics related to fractions, including fractional units, unit fractions, mixed fractions, equivalent fractions, and more. Let’s dive into the world of fractions!

1.0What is a Fraction?

A fraction represents a part of a whole or a part of a group. It is written as a numerator (the top number) and a denominator (the bottom number), separated by a slash or a horizontal line (Eg:21​,43​,65​). Understanding fractions involves recognising how a whole can be divided into equal parts.

Example for fraction

2.0Fractional Units as Parts of a Whole

In the world of fractions, the fractional unit refers to one of the equal parts into which a whole is divided. For example, if you divide a pizza into 8 equal slices, each slice is a fractional unit. In this case, each slice represents 81​ of the whole pizza. When you divide something into fractional units, you're essentially splitting it into parts that represent a fraction of the entire object.

Unit Fractions

A unit fraction is a fraction where the numerator is always 1, and the denominator represents the number of equal parts the whole is divided into. For example:

  • 21​ is a unit fraction representing one half of a whole.
  • 31​ represents one third of a whole.

Unit fractions are the building blocks of all other fractions. They help us understand how a whole can be divided into smaller parts.

3.0Measuring Using Fractional Units

Measuring with fractional units allows us to quantify portions of objects or quantities. For instance, when you measure 43​ of a meter, it means that the meter has been divided into four equal parts, and three of those parts are being used. This is especially helpful in real-world applications like cooking, construction, or tailoring, where portions of a whole are often required.

Measuring Using Fractional Units

4.0Marking Fraction Lengths on the Number Line

A number line is a powerful tool for visualising fractions. To mark fractional lengths on a number line, first, divide the segment between two whole numbers into equal parts. These parts represent the fractional units. For example, if you're working with 43​, divide the segment between 0 and 1 into four equal parts, and mark the point that represents 43​.

Marking Fraction Lengths on the Number Line

5.0Mixed Fractions

A mixed fraction is a combination of a whole number and a fraction. 

For example, 221​ is a mixed fraction, where 2 is the whole number and 21​ is the fractional part. Mixed fractions are often used in everyday situations, such as when measuring distances or quantities that aren't whole numbers. 

Converting Between Mixed Fractions and Improper Fractions

Sometimes it’s useful to convert a mixed fraction into an improper fraction (where the numerator is larger than the denominator), or vice versa. For example:

  • 221​ can be written as the improper fraction 25​(since 2×2+1=5).
  • 25​ can be rewritten as the mixed fraction 221​.

6.0Equivalent Fractions

Two fractions are equivalent if they represent the same portion of a whole, even though they may have different numerators and denominators. For example:

  • 21​ is equivalent to 42​,84​,168​, and so on.

Equivalent fractions

To find equivalent fractions, you can multiply or divide both the numerator and the denominator by the same number. For instance, if you multiply both the numerator and denominator of 21​ by 2, you get 42​, which is an equivalent fraction.

7.0Comparing Fractions

To compare fractions, it’s helpful to:

  1. Find a common denominator: This makes the fractions easier to compare. For example, to compare 31​ and 52​, you could find the least common denominator (LCD) and rewrite both fractions with that denominator.
  2. Use the number line: Marking fractions on a number line allows for a clear visual comparison. The fraction closer to 0 is the smaller fraction.

Which Fraction is Bigger?

To compare fractions with the same denominator, simply look at the numerators. The fraction with the larger numerator is the larger fraction. For example, 83​ is greater than 82​ because 3 is greater than 2.

8.0Addition and Subtraction of Fractions

Adding and subtracting fractions can be tricky, but once you understand the process, it becomes much easier.

  1. Addition of Fractions

If the denominators are the same, just add the numerators. For example:

41​+42​=43​

If the denominators are different, first find the LCM (Least Common Multiple) of the denominators, rewrite the fractions with a common denominator, and then add the numerators. For example:

31​+61​: The LCM of 3 and 6 is 6, so rewrite as

62​+61​=63​=21​.

  1. Subtraction of Fractions

Subtraction is similar to addition. Ensure the fractions have the same denominator, then subtract the numerators. For example:

53​−51​=52​

If the denominators are different, find a common denominator, just like in addition, and then subtract the numerators.

9.0A Pinch of History: The Origins of Fractions

Fractions have a long history that dates back thousands of years. The ancient Egyptians were among the first to use fractions, especially in their mathematical texts. They primarily used unit fractions, as they believed fractions could only be represented as a sum of unit fractions.

The concept of fractions evolved over time, especially during the Islamic Golden Age, when mathematicians like Al-Khwarizmi contributed to understanding fractions as parts of a whole. Today, fractions are a foundational concept in mathematics, essential for everything from algebra to calculus.

10.0Benefits of CBSE Notes for Class 6 Maths Chapter 7 - Fractions

  • Visual Aids: Some CBSE Notes for Class 6 incorporate diagrams and number lines to help visualise fractions, enhancing comprehension.
  • Real-World Connections: Good notes might include real-life examples of how fractions are used, making the topic more relatable.
  • Practice Opportunities: Some CBSE Notes include practice questions or refer to important exercises, reinforcing learning.
  • Foundation for Future Concepts: A strong understanding of fractions is crucial for future mathematical topics like decimals, percentages, and ratios.
  • Improved Problem-Solving Skills: Working with fractions helps develop logical reasoning and problem-solving abilities.

Chapter-wise CBSE Notes for Class 6 Maths:

Class 6 Maths Chapter 1 - Patterns In Mathematics Notes

Class 6 Maths Chapter 2 - Lines And Angles Notes

Class 6 Maths Chapter 3 - Number Play Notes

Class 6 Maths Chapter 4 - Data Handling And Presentation Notes

Class 6 Maths Chapter 5 - Prime Time Notes

Class 6 Maths Chapter 6 - Perimeter And Area Notes

Class 6 Maths Chapter 7 - Fractions Notes

Class 6 Maths Chapter 8 - Playing With Constructions Notes

Class 6 Maths Chapter 9 - Symmetry Notes

Class 6 Maths Chapter 10 - The Other Side Of Zero Notes


Chapter-wise NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths:

Chapter 1: Patterns in Mathematics

Chapter 2: Lines and Angles

Chapter 3: Number Play

Chapter 4: Data Handling and Presentation

Chapter 5: Prime Time

Chapter 6: Perimeter and Area

Chapter 7: Fractions

Chapter 8: Playing With Construction

Chapter 9: Symmetry

Chapter 10: The Other Side of Zero

Frequently Asked Questions

A fraction represents a part of a whole. It is written in the form ab\frac{a}{b}, where aa is the numerator (the number of parts) and bb is the denominator (the total number of equal parts).

Proper fraction: A fraction where the numerator is smaller than the denominator, like 3/4. Improper fraction: A fraction where the numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator, like 5/4.

If the fractions have the same denominator, subtract the numerators and keep the denominator the same. Example: (5/6) - (2/6) = ((5-2)/6) = (3/6) = (1/2).

A fraction is in its simplest form when the numerator and denominator have no common factors other than 1. Example: (6/8) simplifies to (3/4)

Equivalent fractions are fractions that represent the same value, even though they look different. Example: (1/2) = (2/4) = (4/8), etc.

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