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CBSE Notes
Class 7
Science
Chapter 7 Transportation In Animals And Plants

CBSE Notes Class 7 Science Chapter 7 - Transportation in Plants and Animals 

All living organisms need food, water and oxygen for their survival. Green plants need carbon dioxide, water and sunlight. These substances need to be carried or transported to various parts of the body. In addition, waste materials produced within the body also need to be removed. In plants, there is a system (vascular-system) of independent channels, while in animals, transportation is brought about by the circulatory system. 

1.0Download CBSE Notes for Class 7 Science Chapter 7: Transportation in Plants and Animals - Free PDF!!

Hey there! Looking to ace your Class 7 Science? These free PDF notes for Chapter 7, "Transportation in Plants and Animals," will give you a solid understanding of how vital substances move within living organisms. Let's dive in!

Class 7 Science Chapter 7 Revision Notes:

2.0Transportation in Animals 

  • In unicellular animals such as Amoeba and Paramecium, no special transport system is required. 
  • Every part of the organism gets nutrients and oxygen directly through cell diffusion. 
  • In Hydra and sponges water transports food and oxygen to all parts of the body and takes body wastes away from the different organs for excretion. 
  • In multicellular organisms, the transportation is done by a specialised system known as the circulatory system. It consists of the heart, arteries, veins and capillaries. 
  • It forms a broad network which carries blood to all parts of the body. 
  • Blood is the medium for transport of all the necessary materials to different parts of the body. 

3.0Circulatory System

Diagram showing the circulatory system in human beings

  • Circulatory system is a transport system moving substances throughout our body with the help of blood. 
  • In an adult human body, there is about 5.5 litres of blood, forming the most amazing transportation system in the body. 
  • Humans have a very well-developed and efficient circulatory system. It consists of: 
  • Blood 
  • Blood vessels 
  • Heart
  1. Blood 
  • Blood is a bright red-coloured fluid flowing inside blood vessels. 
  • It consists of plasma which is the liquid part of blood and the three types of cells or corpuscles : (i) red blood cells (RBCs), (ii) white blood cells (WBCs), and (iii) platelets.

Components of Blood

  1. Blood vessels 
  • Blood flows through our body in a complex system of tubes called blood vessels. There are three different types of blood vessels in the body. 
  • Arteries : Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to all parts of the body. Since the blood flow is rapid and at a high pressure, the arteries have thick elastic walls and are deep seated. 
  • Veins : Veins are the vessels which carry carbon dioxide-rich blood from all parts of the body back to the heart. The veins have thin walls. There are valves present in veins which allow blood to flow only towards the heart. 
  • Capillaries : On reaching the tissues, the arteries divide into very fine thin walled branches called capillaries. The capillaries join up to form veins which empty into the heart. Gasses and nutrients can easily pass through the walls of capillaries. 

Image showing blood vessels

  1. Heart
  • The heart is a muscular organ which is located in the chest cavity between the lungs with its lower tip slightly tilted towards the left and beats continuously to act as a pump for the transport of blood. 
  • The adult human heart is about the size of a clenched fist.
  • The heart has four chambers. 
  • The two upper chambers are called the atria and the two lower chambers are called the ventricles. 
  • The partition between the chambers helps to avoid mixing up blood rich in oxygen with the blood rich in carbon dioxide.

Image showing the structure of the heart

Blood circulation

  • Blood circulates throughout the body by the pumping action of the heart. 
  • The impure blood (deoxygenated blood, rich in carbon dioxide) is collected from different organs of the body through two major veins (vena cava). The two veins empty blood into the right auricle. 
  • This blood enters into the right ventricle and is pumped into the pulmonary artery. Through this artery, blood is carried to the lungs. 
  • Exchange of gases (between carbon dioxide and oxygen) takes place in the lungs. 
  • The pure blood (oxygenated blood) is carried by the pulmonary vein to the left auricle. From here, it enters the left ventricle and is then carried by an artery called aorta to all parts of the body. 

Image showing the blood circulation system in the heart

Heart beat and pulse 

  • The heart shows regular contraction and relaxation. 
  • This rhythmic contraction of muscles followed by expansion constitutes a heartbeat. 
  • In a child, the heart beats varies from 90 to 100 times a minute but in an adult, it varies from 70-72 times per minute. 

4.0Transport of Substances in Plants

  • Water required for food manufactured by the plants is absorbed from the soil, through the root system and food is synthesized in the leaves. 
  • The water absorbed from the soil through the root system has to be moved upwards to other plant parts and the food synthesized in the leaves has to be carried to other plant parts. 
  • In plants, there are special tubes called xylem and phloem, which comprise the conducting tissues of vascular tissues.
  1. Transport of water and minerals 
  • Upward movement of water and minerals occurs through pipe-like structures or channels, called xylem elements, present in roots, stems and leaves of plants. 
  • Water is thus carried to the entire plant. 
  • Plants absorb water and minerals by the roots. 
  • The roots have root hair. 
  • These root hairs increase the surface area for absorbing water and minerals. 
  • The root hair absorbs water present between the soil particles and from there it reaches the xylem elements.
  1. Translocation of food 
  • The prepared food material is carried in a soluble form through another channel, constituted by phloem, from the leaves to all other parts of the body.

Image showing the translocation of food in plants using the xylem and phloem vessels

  1. Transpiration 
  • Transpiration is the process of loss of water in a vapour form from the leaves in plants. 
  • It occurs through stomata present in the leaves by the process of diffusion. 
  • Water absorbed through the roots is moved upwards within the plant body. 
  • A part of it is used in the process of photosynthesis and some of it is also used to keep the plant erect and stop it from wilting (drooping). 
  • The rest is lost as water vapour enters the atmosphere from the leaves. 
  • The evaporation of water from leaves produces a suction pull which helps to pull the water upwards to great heights. 

Transpiration in plants

5.0Excretory System in Humans 

  • The waste which is present in the blood has to be removed from the body. 
  • A mechanism to filter the blood is required. 
  • This is done by the blood capillaries in the kidneys. When the blood reaches the two kidneys, it contains both useful and harmful substances. 
  • The useful substances are absorbed back into the blood. 
  • The wastes dissolved in water are removed as urine. Excretory system consists of the following organs : A pair of kidneys, ureters, Urinary Bladder and Urethra

Excretory system in human beings

6.0Benefits of CBSE Notes for Class 7 Science Chapter 7 - Transportation in Plants and Animals

  • Diagrams and Illustrations: Many CBSE notes include relevant diagrams illustrating the circulatory system in animals and the transport mechanisms in plants, which can significantly enhance visual learning and comprehension.
  • Alignment with CBSE Curriculum: These notes are specifically designed based on the CBSE syllabus for class 7, ensuring that you are studying the topics that are relevant and important for your exams.
  • Potential for Practice Questions: Some comprehensive CBSE notes might also include practice questions or important points to remember, which can help you assess your understanding and prepare for assessments.
  • Time-Saving: Using ready-made notes saves you the time and effort of creating your own notes from scratch, allowing you to dedicate more time to understanding and practicing the concepts.
  • Easy Accessibility: CBSE notes are often readily available online or through coaching centres, making them easily accessible for students.

Chapter-wise CBSE Notes for Class 7 Science:

Class 7 Science Chapter 1 - Nutrition In Plants Notes

Class 7 Science Chapter 2 - Nutrition In Animals Notes

Class 7 Science Chapter 3 - Heat Notes

Class 7 Science Chapter 4 - Acids Bases And Salts Notes

Class 7 Science Chapter 5 - Physical And Chemical Changes Notes

Class 7 Science Chapter 6 - Respiration In Organisms Notes

Class 7 Science Chapter 7 - Transportation In Animals And Plants Notes

Class 7 Science Chapter 8 - Reproduction In Plants Notes

Class 7 Science Chapter 9 - Motion And Time Notes

Class 7 Science Chapter 10 - Electric Current And Its Effects Notes

Class 7 Science Chapter 11 - Light Notes

Class 7 Science Chapter 12 - Forests Our Lifeline Notes

Class 7 Science Chapter 13 - Wastewater Story Notes


Chapter-wise NCERT Solutions Class 7 Science:-

Chapter 1 - Nutrition in Plants

Chapter 2 - Nutrition in Animals

Chapter 3 - Heat

Chapter 4 - Acids, Bases and Salts

Chapter 5 - Physical and Chemical Changes

Chapter 6 - Respiration in Organisms

Chapter 7 - Transportation in Animals and Plants

Chapter 8 - Reproduction in Plants

Chapter 9 - Motion and Time

Chapter 10 - Electric Current and its Effects

Chapter 11 - Light

Chapter 12 - Forests: Our Lifeline

Chapter 13 - Wastewater Story

Frequently Asked Questions

The circulatory system is the system responsible for transporting blood, oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body. It includes the heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries), and blood.

Open circulatory system: Found in invertebrates like insects, where blood is not entirely contained in vessels. Closed circulatory system: Found in vertebrates like humans, where blood circulates within vessels such as arteries, veins, and capillaries.

Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. It also helps regulate body temperature and fight infections through the immune system.

The lymphatic system is part of the circulatory system that helps in transporting lymph, a fluid that contains white blood cells, throughout the body. It aids in immune responses and the removal of excess fluids from tissues.

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