CBSE Notes Class 10 Science Chapter 9 - Light: Reflection and Refraction

Light is integral to our everyday experiences, influencing both how we perceive our surroundings and the technology we depend on. Two key phenomena that describe how light interacts with different surfaces and materials are reflection and refraction. These phenomena are fundamental to understanding various optical effects and form the basis of optics. 

1.0Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Revision Notes

2.0Reflection Of Light

Reflection is the process where light rays encounter the boundary between two different media and bounce back into the original medium. Specifically, it refers to the phenomenon where light rays that strike the surface of an object are returned into the same medium rather than passing through or being absorbed.

3.0Laws of Reflection

1. The path of the incoming ray, the path of the reflected ray, and the perpendicular line (normal) to the surface at the point of incidence are all situated in the same plane.
2. The angle at which the incoming light ray impacts a surface (the angle of incidence) is equal to the angle at which it bounces off (the angle of reflection) ∠i=∠r

4.0Some basic Terms related to Spherical Mirrors

5.0Sign Conventions for Spherical Mirrors

6.0Image Formation by Convex Mirror

7.0Image Formation by Concave Mirror

Uses of Concave and Convex Mirror

1. Concave Mirror-Reflectors in the headlights, search light in torches
2. Convex Mirror-Rear View in an Automobile.