Human reproduction is a biological process in which new individuals are produced by the combination of genetic material from two parents. It is a type of sexual reproduction, requiring specialized reproductive systems in both males and females. This process ensures the continuation of species and involves various organs, hormones, and physiological mechanisms.Reproductive health refers to the physical, emotional, and social well-being related to the reproductive system.
Solving questions from Human Reproduction & Reproductive Health from previous years helps aspirants understand the trend of questions on this topic. NEET follows a specific pattern in asking questions about Human Reproduction and Reproductive Health.. The listed questions and solutions from past years' papers help identify frequently asked topics like Male Reproductive System, Female Reproductive System, Family planning, sexually transmitted infections, Menstrual Cycles, Fertilization and Development of Embryo.
1. Male Reproductive System - The male reproductive system is designed to produce and deliver sperm for fertilization.
2. Female Reproductive System - The female reproductive system produces eggs, provides the site for fertilization, and supports fetal development.
3. Gametogenesis (Formation of Gametes)
Spermatogenesis: Formation of sperm in the testes.
Oogenesis: Formation of eggs in the ovaries.
4. Menstrual Cycle (in Females) - A 28-day cycle involving hormonal changes that prepare the uterus for pregnancy.
5. Role of Hormones in the Reproductive System
6. Family Planning - Family planning allows couples to decide the number and spacing of children.
7. Prevention and Treatment of Reproductive Infections & Diseases
8. Adolescent Reproductive Health
9. Awareness of Reproductive Rights
10. Infertility and Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART)
Q.1 Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R:
Assertion A: Breast-feeding during the initial period of infant growth is recommended by doctors for bringing a healthy baby.
Reason R: Colostrum contains several antibodies absolutely essential to develop resistance for the newborn baby.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(1) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
(2) Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
(3) A is correct but R is not correct.
(4) A is not correct but R is correct.
Solution- The correct answer is (1) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Q.2 Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A : FSH acts upon ovarian follicles in female and Leydig cells in male .
Reason R : Growing ovarian follicles secrete estrogen in females while interstitial cells secrete androgen in male human beings .
In the light of the above statements , choose the correct answer from the options given below :
( 1 ) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
( 2 ) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
( 3 ) A is true but R is false .
(4) A is false but R is true .
Solution- The correct answer is (4) A is false but R is true .
Explanation
Assertion (A): FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) acts on ovarian follicles in females, stimulating their growth and development. However, in males, FSH acts on Sertoli cells (not Leydig cells) in the testes to support sperm production (spermatogenesis).
Reason (R): The growing ovarian follicles secrete estrogen in females, and Leydig (interstitial) cells secrete androgens (testosterone) in males.
Q.3. Which of the following is not a natural/traditional contraceptive method?
(1) Coitus interruptus
(2) Periodic abstinence
(3) Lactational amenorrhea
(4) Vaults
Solution- The correct answer is: (4) Vaults
Explanation:
Natural/Traditional Contraceptive Methods rely on behavioral practices and do not involve the use of external devices or chemicals.
Vaults are barrier methods (not natural), specifically diaphragms placed in the vagina to block sperm entry into the uterus. Since they involve the use of a physical device, they are not considered natural or traditional contraceptive methods.
Q.4. Match List-I and List-II
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(1) A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
(2) A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
(3) A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
(4) A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
Solution- The correct answer is: (4) A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
Explanation:
Q.5. Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The presence or absence of hymen is not a reliable indicator of virginity.
Statement II: The hymen is torn during the first coitus only.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(1) Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
(2) Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
(3) Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
(4) Statement I is false but Statement II is true.
Solution- The correct answer is: (3) Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
Explanation:
Statement I: The hymen is a thin membrane at the vaginal opening, but its presence or absence does not reliably indicate virginity.
Statement II: The hymen can tear for many reasons, and in some cases, it may remain intact even after intercourse. Some individuals are born with a naturally thin or absent hymen.
Q.6. Which one of the following common sexually transmitted diseases is completely curable when detected early and treated properly ?
(1) Gonorrhoea (2) Hepatitis-B
(3) HIV Infection (4) Genital herpes
Solution- The correct answer is: (1) Gonorrhoea
Explanation: Gonorrhoea is a bacterial sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. It is completely curable if detected early and treated properly with antibiotics like ceftriaxone.
On the other hand:
Q.7. No new follicles develop in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle because :
(1) Follicles do not remain in the ovary after ovulation
(2) FSH levels are high in the luteal phase
(3) LH levels are high in the luteal phase
(4) Both FSH and LH levels are low in the luteal phase
Solution- The correct answer is: (4) Both FSH and LH levels are low in the luteal phase
Explanation:
After ovulation, the ruptured follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone. Progesterone inhibits the release of both FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) and LH (Luteinizing Hormone) through negative feedback to the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. Low FSH levels prevent the development of new follicles during the luteal phase.
Q.8. Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A : Endometrium is necessary for implantation of blastocyst.
Reason R : In the absence of fertilization, the corpus luteum degenerates that causes disintegration of endometrium.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :
(1) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
(2) A is true but R is false.
(3) A is false but R is true.
(4) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Solution- The correct answer is: (1) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Explanation- While both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, Reason (R) does not directly explain why the endometrium is essential for the implantation of the blastocyst. The degeneration of the corpus luteum and the disintegration of the endometrium are related to the menstrual cycle and the absence of pregnancy, but they do not specifically explain the endometrium's role in implantation. Therefore, the correct answer is that both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Q.9. In which of the following techniques, the embryos are transferred to assist those females who cannot conceive?
(1) GIFT and ICSI (2) ZIFT and IUT
(3) GIFT and ZIFT (4) ICSI and ZIFT
Solution - The correct answer is: (2) ZIFT and IUT
Explanation:
Q.10. Given below are two statements :
Statement I : Vas deferens receives a duct from the seminal vesicle and opens into urethra as the ejaculatory duct.
Statement II : The cavity of the cervix is called the cervical canal which along with vagina forms the birth canal. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :
(1) Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
(2) Statement I is correct but Statement II is false.
(3) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is true.
(4) Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
Solution- The correct answer is: (4) Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
Explanation:
Statement I: The vas deferens (sperm duct) carries sperm from the epididymis. It joins with the duct from the seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory duct. The ejaculatory duct then opens into the urethra, allowing the passage of semen.
Statement II: The cervical canal is the passage within the cervix, connecting the uterus to the vagina. During childbirth, the cervix dilates, and the baby passes through the cervical canal and vagina, collectively called the birth canal.
(Session 2025 - 26)