CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS CHEMSW M (-AU) for the formation of carbon monoxide from its elements at 298 K 19 ments at 298 kis =8.3125 K a) -1238.78 J. Mol b) 1238.78LMOF C) -247757 LMOF d)24/ NO The difference between the heats of reaction at constant pressure and a constant MOF d)2411.57 S MOLI ure and a constant volume for the reacto

Calculate the difference in heat of reaction at constant pressure and at constant volume at 300K. C_(s) + 2H_(2(g) rarr CH_(4(g) (R = 8.314 J K^(-1) mol^(-1)

If the heat of combustion of carbon monoxide at constant volume and at 17^@ C is -283.3 kJ, then its heat of combustion at constant pressure is _________ . (R = 8.314 J K^-1 mol^-1 )

Oxygen is of vital importance for all of us . Oxygen enters the body via the lungs and is transported to the tissues in our body by blood . There it can deliver energy by the oxidation of sugars. C_(6)H_(12)O_(6) + 6O_(2) rarr 6CO_(2) + 6H_(2)O This reaction releases 400 KJ of energy per mole of oxygen O_(2) uptake by blood is at four heme (Hm) group in this protein hemoglobin (Hb). Free Hm consists of an Fe^(2+) giving HmO_(2) complex. Carbon monoxides can be complexed similarily giving a Hm CO complex . CO is poison as it bonds more strongly to Hm than O_(2) does. The equilibrium constant K_(f) for the reaction: Hm+ CO hArr HCO " "........(i) is 1000 times larger than the equilibrium constant K_(2) for the reaction: Hm + CO_(2) hArr HmO_(2)" " ........(ii) Each Hb molecules can take up four molecules of O_(2) absorbs a fraction of this amount, depending on the oxygen pressure , as shown in figure1 (curve 1) . Also shown are the curve (2) and (3) for blood with two kinds of dificient Hb . These occur in patients with certain hereditary diseases. Relevant data , O_(2) pressure in lungs is 15 KPa , in the muscles it is 2KPa . The maximum flow of blood through heart and lungs is 4 xx 10^(-4)m^(-3)s^(-1) . The red cells in blood occupy 40% of the volume, inside the cells the concentration of Hb has a molar mass of 64 kg "mol"^(-1) R=8.314 J "mol"^(-1) K^(-1) , T=298k . Using the relation between K and the standard Gibbs energy DeltaG^(@) for a reaction, calculated the difference between the DeltaG^(@) values for the home reactions (i) and (ii).

Oxygen is of vital importance for all of us . Oxygen enters the body via the lungs and is transported to the tissues in our body by blood . There it can deliver energy by the oxidation of sugars. C_(6)H_(12)O_(6) + 6O_(2) rarr 6CO_(2) + 6H_(2)O This reaction releases 400 KJ of energy per mole of oxygen O_(2) uptake by blood is at four heme (Hm) group in this protein hemoglobin (Hb). Free Hm consists of an Fe^(2+) giving HmO_(2) complex. Carbon monoxides can be complexed similarily giving a Hm CO complex . CO is poison as it bonds more strongly to Hm than O_(2) does. The equilibrium constant K_(f) for the reaction: Hm+ CO hArr HCO " "........(i) is 1000 times larger than the equilibrium constant K_(2) for the reaction: Hm + CO_(2) hArr HmO_(2)" " ........(ii) Each Hb molecules can take up four molecules of O_(2) absorbs a fraction of this amount, depending on the oxygen pressure , as shown in figure1 (curve 1) . Also shown are the curve (2) and (3) for blood with two kinds of dificient Hb . These occur in patients with certain hereditary diseases. Relevant data , O_(2) pressure in lungs is 15 KPa , in the muscles it is 2KPa . The maximum flow of blood through heart and lungs is 4 xx 10^(-4)m^(-3)s^(-1) . The red cells in blood occupy 40% of the volume, inside the cells the concentration of Hb has a molar mass of 64 kg "mol"^(-1) R=8.314 J "mol"^(-1) K^(-1) , T=298k . Using the relation between K and the standard Gibbs energy DeltaG^(@) for a reaction, calculated the difference between the DeltaG^(@) values for the home reactions (i) and (ii).

A plane surface A is at a constant temperature T_(1) = 1000 K . Another surface B parallel to A, is at a constant lower temperature T_(2) = 300 K . There is no medium in the space between two surfaces. The rate of energy transfer from A to B is equal to r_(1)(J/s) . In order to reduce rate of heat flow due to radiation, a heat shield consisting of two thin plates C and D, thermally insulated from each other, is placed between A and B in parallel. Now the rate of heat transfer (in steady state) reduces to r_(2) . Neglect any effect due to finite size of the surfaces, assume all surfaces to be black bodies and take Stefan’s constant sigma = 6 xx 10^(- )8 Wm^(- 2)K^(-4) . Area of all surfaces A = 1m^(2) . (i) Find r^(1) (ii) Find the ratio (r^(2))/(r^(1)) (iii)Find the ratio (r^E(2))/(r_(1)) if temperature of A and B were 2000 K 600 K respectively.

Consider an ionic solid that dissolves in water according to the equation: M_(n)X_(m(s)) nM_(aq)^(m+)n + mX_(aq)^(n-) . The equilibrium constant for this reaction, K _(sp)=[M^(m+)]^(n) [X^(n-)]^(m) is known as the solubility product of M_(n), X_(m) . The form of this equilibrium is important in understanding effects such as the influence of pH, complex formation and common ion effect. Equilibrium constant in solution should be written correctly using activities and not concentrations. The difference between these quantities is large in concentrated ionic solutions and K_(sp) is quantitatively reliable as a guide of solubilities only for very dilute solutions, If solubility product of AB type salt is 4xx 10^(-8) at 18^(@) C, and M.W of AB is 143.5 g/mol. What is the molarity of its standard solution?

When 100J of heat is given to an ideal gas it expands from 200cm^(3) to 400cm^(3) at a constant pressure of 3 xx 10^(5) Pa . Calculate (a) the change in internal energy of the gas (b) the number of moles in the gas if the initial temperature is 400K , (c ) the molar heat capacity C_(p) at constant pressure and (d) the molar heat capacity C_(v) at constant volume. [R = (25)/(3)J//mol-K]

When 100J of heat is given to an ideal gas it expands from 200cm^(3) to 400cm^(3) at a constant pressure of 3 xx 10^(5) Pa . Calculate (a) the change in internal energy of the gas (b) the number of moles in the gas if the initial temperature is 400K , (c ) the molar heat capacity C_(p) at constant pressure and (d) the molar heat capacity C_(v) at constant volume. [R = (25)/(3)J//mol-K]