[" An electrustatic procipitator in a thermal pawer plant is not able to "],[" senerate high valtage of several theusands.Write the exallysical "],[" implication because of it."]

An electrostatic precipitator in a thermal power plant is not able to generate high voltage of several thousands. Write the ecological implication because of it .

An electrostatic precipitator in a thermal power plant is not able to generate high voltage of several thousands. Write the ecological implication because of it .

To write well you have to be able to write clearly and logically, and you cannot do this unless you can think clearly and logically. If you cannot do this yet you should train yourself to do it by taking particular problems and following them through, point by point, to a solution, without leaving anything out and without avoiding any difficulties that you meet. At first you find clear, step-bystep thought very difficult. You may find that your mind is not able to concentrate. Several unconnected ideas may occur together. But practice will improve your ability to concentrate on a single idea and think about it clearly and logically. In order to increase your vocabulary and to improve your style, you should read widely and use a good dictionary to help you find the exact meanings and correct usages of words. Always remember that regular and frequent practice is necessary if you want to learn to write well. It is no good waiting until you have an inspiration before you write. Even with the most famous writers, inspiration is rare. Someone said that writing is ninety-nine per cent hard work and one per cent inspiration, so the sooner you get into the habit of disciplining yourself to write, the better. Initially it is difficult to write because

Choose the correct alternative and write its alphabet against the sub question number: In thermal power plants, the………….energy in the coal is converted into electrical energy through several steps.

Directions (For the items which follow) : In this Section you have Eight short passages. After each passage, you will find several questions based on the passage. First, read a passage, and then answer the questions based on it. You are required to select your answers based on the contents of the passage and opinion of the author only. PASSAGE-VII Although Louis Braille died when he was only forty-three years old, he succeeded in devising a system of reading and writing for the blind which is now taught all over the world. Braille lost his sight accidentally as a child. Nevertheless, he was able to complete his education at a school for the blind in Paris and became a teacher. In his day, the few books that were available for blind people were printed in big, raised type, the letters used were those of the ordinary alphabet. The reading of such books required immense effort. Not only that, writing was almost impossible, for a blind person was still restricted to an alphabet which was extraordinarily difficult to reproduce on paper. Braille's idea was to use raised dots, instead of raised letters. He evolved a system, which made use of only six dots in all. By various combinations of these dots, it not only proved possible to represent each letter in the alphabet, but punctuation marks, numbers and musical notation as well. Reading and writing for the blind have thus become enormously simplified. The sensitive fingers of a blind person can travel rapidly over the dots, and there is a small machine, something like a typewriter, which enables the blind to write quickly and clearly. Before Braille's invention, the blind had difficulty in reading because :

Read the passage given below and answer the question: Industrially widely applied esterification reactions are commonly catalysed using mineral liquid acids, such as sulphuric acid and p-toluenesulphonic acid. The catalytic activity of homogeneous catalysts is high. They suffer, however, from several drawbacks, such as their corrosive nature, the existence of side reactions, and the fact that the catalyst cannot be easily separated from the reaction mixture. The use of solid acid catalysts offers an alternative and has received a lot of attention in the past years. Solid acid catalysts are not corrosive and, coated onto a support, they can be easily reused. Examples of solid acid catalysts used in esterification reactions include ion-exchange resins, zeolites and superacids like sulphated zirconia and niobium acid. Ion-exchange resins are the most common heterogeneous catalysts used and have proven to be effective in liquid phase esterification and etherification reactions. Because of their selective adsorption of reactants and swelling nature, these resins not only catalyse the esterification reaction but also affect the equilibrium conversion. Shortcomings include insufficient thermal resistance, which limits the reaction temperature to 120^(@)C , preventing widespread use in industry. Zeolites, like Y, X, BEA, ZSM-5 and MCM 41 offer an interesting alternative and have proven to be efficient catalysts for esterification reactions. Zeolites have found wide application in oil refining, petrochemistry and in the production of fine chemicals. Their success is based on the possibility to prepare zeolites with strong Brønsted acidity that can be controlled within a certain range, combined with a good resistance to high reaction temperatures. In this study, the activity of various commercial available solid acid catalysts is assessed with respect to the esterification of acetic acid with butanol. The ion-exchange resins Amberlyst 15 and Smopex-101, the acid zeolites H-ZSM-5, H-MOR, H-BETA and H-USY, and the solid superacids sulphated zirconia and niobium acid are selected. Comparative esterification experiments have been carried out using the homogeneous catalysts sulphuric acid, p toluenesulphuric acid and a heteropolyacid (HPA). The weight-based activity of the heterogeneous catalysts tested is maximum for Smopex 101. The following table gives the activity of different catalysts in the esterification reaction between acetic acid and butanol at 75^(@)C . Here: k_(obs) : observed reaction rate constant ( m^(3) mol^(-1)s^(-1) ) kc catalysed reaction rate constant ( m^(3)mol^(-1) g_(cat)^(-1)s^(-1) ) Please note: k c = k obs/ amount (in g) (source: PETERS, T., BENES, N., HOLMEN, A., & KEURENTJES, J. (2006). Comparison of commercial solid acid catalysts for the esterification of acetic acid with butanol. Applied Catalysis A: General, 297(2), 182-188. doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2005.09.00) Catalysts used in oil refining industry are:

Read the passage given below and answer the question: Industrially widely applied esterification reactions are commonly catalysed using mineral liquid acids, such as sulphuric acid and p-toluenesulphonic acid. The catalytic activity of homogeneous catalysts is high. They suffer, however, from several drawbacks, such as their corrosive nature, the existence of side reactions, and the fact that the catalyst cannot be easily separated from the reaction mixture. The use of solid acid catalysts offers an alternative and has received a lot of attention in the past years. Solid acid catalysts are not corrosive and, coated onto a support, they can be easily reused. Examples of solid acid catalysts used in esterification reactions include ion-exchange resins, zeolites and superacids like sulphated zirconia and niobium acid. Ion-exchange resins are the most common heterogeneous catalysts used and have proven to be effective in liquid phase esterification and etherification reactions. Because of their selective adsorption of reactants and swelling nature, these resins not only catalyse the esterification reaction but also affect the equilibrium conversion. Shortcomings include insufficient thermal resistance, which limits the reaction temperature to 120^(@)C , preventing widespread use in industry. Zeolites, like Y, X, BEA, ZSM-5 and MCM 41 offer an interesting alternative and have proven to be efficient catalysts for esterification reactions. Zeolites have found wide application in oil refining, petrochemistry and in the production of fine chemicals. Their success is based on the possibility to prepare zeolites with strong Brønsted acidity that can be controlled within a certain range, combined with a good resistance to high reaction temperatures. In this study, the activity of various commercial available solid acid catalysts is assessed with respect to the esterification of acetic acid with butanol. The ion-exchange resins Amberlyst 15 and Smopex-101, the acid zeolites H-ZSM-5, H-MOR, H-BETA and H-USY, and the solid superacids sulphated zirconia and niobium acid are selected. Comparative esterification experiments have been carried out using the homogeneous catalysts sulphuric acid, p toluenesulphuric acid and a heteropolyacid (HPA). The weight-based activity of the heterogeneous catalysts tested is maximum for Smopex 101. The following table gives the activity of different catalysts in the esterification reaction between acetic acid and butanol at 75^(@)C . Here: k_(obs) : observed reaction rate constant ( m^(3) mol^(-1)s^(-1) ) kc catalysed reaction rate constant ( m^(3)mol^(-1) g_(cat)^(-1)s^(-1) ) Please note: k c = k obs/ amount (in g) (source: PETERS, T., BENES, N., HOLMEN, A., & KEURENTJES, J. (2006). Comparison of commercial solid acid catalysts for the esterification of acetic acid with butanol. Applied Catalysis A: General, 297(2), 182-188. doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2005.09.00) The catalytic activity of homogeneous catalysts is high. The weight based activity of HPA is less than which of the following heterogenous catalysts?

Read the passage given below and answer the question: Industrially widely applied esterification reactions are commonly catalysed using mineral liquid acids, such as sulphuric acid and p-toluenesulphonic acid. The catalytic activity of homogeneous catalysts is high. They suffer, however, from several drawbacks, such as their corrosive nature, the existence of side reactions, and the fact that the catalyst cannot be easily separated from the reaction mixture. The use of solid acid catalysts offers an alternative and has received a lot of attention in the past years. Solid acid catalysts are not corrosive and, coated onto a support, they can be easily reused. Examples of solid acid catalysts used in esterification reactions include ion-exchange resins, zeolites and superacids like sulphated zirconia and niobium acid. Ion-exchange resins are the most common heterogeneous catalysts used and have proven to be effective in liquid phase esterification and etherification reactions. Because of their selective adsorption of reactants and swelling nature, these resins not only catalyse the esterification reaction but also affect the equilibrium conversion. Shortcomings include insufficient thermal resistance, which limits the reaction temperature to 120^(@)C , preventing widespread use in industry. Zeolites, like Y, X, BEA, ZSM-5 and MCM 41 offer an interesting alternative and have proven to be efficient catalysts for esterification reactions. Zeolites have found wide application in oil refining, petrochemistry and in the production of fine chemicals. Their success is based on the possibility to prepare zeolites with strong Brønsted acidity that can be controlled within a certain range, combined with a good resistance to high reaction temperatures. In this study, the activity of various commercial available solid acid catalysts is assessed with respect to the esterification of acetic acid with butanol. The ion-exchange resins Amberlyst 15 and Smopex-101, the acid zeolites H-ZSM-5, H-MOR, H-BETA and H-USY, and the solid superacids sulphated zirconia and niobium acid are selected. Comparative esterification experiments have been carried out using the homogeneous catalysts sulphuric acid, p toluenesulphuric acid and a heteropolyacid (HPA). The weight-based activity of the heterogeneous catalysts tested is maximum for Smopex 101. The following table gives the activity of different catalysts in the esterification reaction between acetic acid and butanol at 75^(@)C . Here: k_(obs) : observed reaction rate constant ( m^(3) mol^(-1)s^(-1) ) kc catalysed reaction rate constant ( m^(3)mol^(-1) g_("cat")^(-1)s^(-1) ) Please note: k c = k obs/ amount (in g) (source: PETERS, T., BENES, N., HOLMEN, A., & KEURENTJES, J. (2006). Comparison of commercial solid acid catalysts for the esterification of acetic acid with butanol. Applied Catalysis A: General, 297(2), 182-188. doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2005.09.00) Unit for observed rate constant for esterification reaction is m³ mol^-1s^-1 , so the reaction is:

Read the passage given below and answer the question: Industrially widely applied esterification reactions are commonly catalysed using mineral liquid acids, such as sulphuric acid and p-toluenesulphonic acid. The catalytic activity of homogeneous catalysts is high. They suffer, however, from several drawbacks, such as their corrosive nature, the existence of side reactions, and the fact that the catalyst cannot be easily separated from the reaction mixture. The use of solid acid catalysts offers an alternative and has received a lot of attention in the past years. Solid acid catalysts are not corrosive and, coated onto a support, they can be easily reused. Examples of solid acid catalysts used in esterification reactions include ion-exchange resins, zeolites and superacids like sulphated zirconia and niobium acid. Ion-exchange resins are the most common heterogeneous catalysts used and have proven to be effective in liquid phase esterification and etherification reactions. Because of their selective adsorption of reactants and swelling nature, these resins not only catalyse the esterification reaction but also affect the equilibrium conversion. Shortcomings include insufficient thermal resistance, which limits the reaction temperature to 120^(@)C , preventing widespread use in industry. Zeolites, like Y, X, BEA, ZSM-5 and MCM 41 offer an interesting alternative and have proven to be efficient catalysts for esterification reactions. Zeolites have found wide application in oil refining, petrochemistry and in the production of fine chemicals. Their success is based on the possibility to prepare zeolites with strong Brønsted acidity that can be controlled within a certain range, combined with a good resistance to high reaction temperatures. In this study, the activity of various commercial available solid acid catalysts is assessed with respect to the esterification of acetic acid with butanol. The ion-exchange resins Amberlyst 15 and Smopex-101, the acid zeolites H-ZSM-5, H-MOR, H-BETA and H-USY, and the solid superacids sulphated zirconia and niobium acid are selected. Comparative esterification experiments have been carried out using the homogeneous catalysts sulphuric acid, p toluenesulphuric acid and a heteropolyacid (HPA). The weight-based activity of the heterogeneous catalysts tested is maximum for Smopex 101. The following table gives the activity of different catalysts in the esterification reaction between acetic acid and butanol at 75^(@)C . Here: k_(obs) : observed reaction rate constant ( m^(3) mol^(-1)s^(-1) ) kc catalysed reaction rate constant ( m^(3)mol^(-1) g_(cat)^(-1)s^(-1) ) Please note: k c = k obs/ amount (in g) (source: PETERS, T., BENES, N., HOLMEN, A., & KEURENTJES, J. (2006). Comparison of commercial solid acid catalysts for the esterification of acetic acid with butanol. Applied Catalysis A: General, 297(2), 182-188. doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2005.09.00) The weight-based activity of the heterogeneous catalysts tested decreases in the following order: