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दीर्घ वृत्त (x^(2))/(a^(2)) + (y^(2))/(b...

दीर्घ वृत्त `(x^(2))/(a^(2)) + (y^(2))/(b^(2)) = 1` से घिरे क्षेत्र का क्षेत्रफल ज्ञात कीजिए ।

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दीर्घ वृत्त का समीकरण है,
`(x^(2))/(a^(2)) + (y^(2))/(b^(2)) = 1`
यह x - अक्ष तथा y -अक्ष दोनों के सपक्षे सममित है।
(1) से `y = sqrt(b^(2) (1 - (x^(2))/(a^(2))) = (b)/(a) sqrt(a^(2) - x^(2))` [`:'` दीर्घ वृत्त के भाग AB के लिए `y ge 0`]
अब क्षेत्रफल `AOBA = int_(0)^(a) ydx = (b)/(a) int_(0)^(a) sqrt(a^(2) - x^(2)) dx`
`= (b)/(a). (pi a^(2))/(4)` [Ex. (1) से ]
`= (pi ab)/(4)`
`:.` दीर्घ वृत्त का क्षेत्रफल `= x ab` वर्ग इकाई
Second method :
क्षेत्रफल AOBA दीर्घ वृत्त, y -अक्ष तथा दो भुजाओं (abscissae ) y = 0 तथा y = b से घिरा है।
`:.` क्षेत्रफल `AOBA = int_(0)^(b) |x| dy = int_(0)^(b) xdy, [:' x ge 0]`
`= int_(0)^(b) (a)/(b) sqrt(b^(2) - y^(2)) dy [:' (x^(2))/(a^(2)) + (y^(2))/(b^(2)) = 1 :. x = +- (a)/(b) sqrt(b^(2) - y^(2)) तथा x ge 0]`
`= (a)/(b) [(ysqrt(b^(2) - y^(2)))/(2) + (b^(2))/(2) "sin"^(-1) (y)/(b)]_(0)^(b)`
`= (a)/(b) [0 + (b^(2))/(2) "sin"^(-1) (1) - (0 + 0)]`
`= (a)/(b). (b^(2))/(2). (pi)/(2) = (pi ab)/(4)`
`:.` दीर्घ वृत्त का क्षेत्रफल `= 4. (pi ab)/(4) ` वर्ग इकाई

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